प्साति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

প্সাতি (Assamese script)
ᬧ᭄ᬲᬵᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
প্সাতি (Bengali script)
𑰢𑰿𑰭𑰯𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀧𑁆𑀲𑀸𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ပ္သါတိ (Burmese script)
પ્સાતિ (Gujarati script)
ਪ੍ਸਾਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌪𑍍𑌸𑌾𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦥ꧀ꦱꦴꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂣𑂹𑂮𑂰𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಪ್ಸಾತಿ (Kannada script)
ប្សាតិ (Khmer script)
ປ຺ສາຕິ (Lao script)
പ്സാതി (Malayalam script)
ᢒᠰ᠌ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘢𑘿𑘭𑘰𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᢒᠰᠠᢗᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑧂𑧠𑧍𑧑𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐥𑑂𑐳𑐵𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ପ୍ସାତି (Odia script)
ꢦ꣄ꢱꢵꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆥𑇀𑆱𑆳𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖢𑖿𑖭𑖯𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ප‍්සාති (Sinhalese script)
𑩰 𑪙𑪁𑩛𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚞𑚶𑚨𑚭𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
ப்ஸாதி (Tamil script)
ప్సాతి (Telugu script)
ปฺสาติ (Thai script)
པྶཱ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒣𑓂𑒮𑒰𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨞𑩇𑨰𑨊𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bzʰā́ti, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰes- (“to rub, grind”), see also Ancient Greek ψάω (psáō, “to rub”).^[1]

While this is historically assigned to the root प्सा (psā), this is a reanalysis given the opaque structure. भस् (bhas) is from the same Proto-Indo-European etymon. Compare the development of the root म्ना (mnā).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /psɑ́ː.ti/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈps̪ɑː.t̪i/

Verb

प्साति • (psā́ti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, root प्सा)^[2]

to chew
to eat; to devour

Conjugation

Present: प्साति (psāti), प्साते (psāte)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	प्साति psāti	प्सातः psātaḥ	प्सान्ति psānti	प्साते psāte	प्सैते psaite	प्सान्ते psānte
Second	प्सासि psāsi	प्साथः psāthaḥ	प्साथ psātha	प्सासे psāse	प्सैथे psaithe	प्साध्वे psādhve
First	प्सामि psāmi	प्सावः psāvaḥ	प्सामः / प्सामसि¹ psāmaḥ / psāmasi¹	प्सै psai	प्सावहे psāvahe	प्सामहे psāmahe
Imperative
Third	प्सातु psātu	प्साताम् psātām	प्सान्तु psāntu	प्साताम् psātām	प्सैताम् psaitām	प्सान्ताम् psāntām
Second	प्सा psā	प्सातम् psātam	प्सात psāta	प्सास्व psāsva	प्सैथाम् psaithām	प्साध्वम् psādhvam
First	प्सानि psāni	प्साव psāva	प्साम psāma	प्सै psai	प्सावहै psāvahai	प्सामहै psāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	प्सैत् psait	प्सैताम् psaitām	प्सैयुः psaiyuḥ	प्सैत psaita	प्सैयाताम् psaiyātām	प्सैरन् psairan
Second	प्सैः psaiḥ	प्सैतम् psaitam	प्सैत psaita	प्सैथाः psaithāḥ	प्सैयाथाम् psaiyāthām	प्सैध्वम् psaidhvam
First	प्सैयम् psaiyam	प्सैव psaiva	प्सैम psaima	प्सैय psaiya	प्सैवहि psaivahi	प्सैमहि psaimahi
Subjunctive
Third	प्सात् / प्साति psāt / psāti	प्सातः psātaḥ	प्सान् psān	प्साते / प्सातै psāte / psātai	प्सैते psaite	प्सान्त / प्सान्तै psānta / psāntai
Second	प्साः / प्सासि psāḥ / psāsi	प्साथः psāthaḥ	प्साथ psātha	प्सासे / प्सासै psāse / psāsai	प्सैथे psaithe	प्साध्वै psādhvai
First	प्सानि psāni	प्साव psāva	प्साम psāma	प्सै psai	प्सावहै psāvahai	प्सामहै psāmahai
Participles
	प्सात् psāt			प्सामान psāmāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अप्सात् (apsāt), अप्सात (apsāta)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अप्सात् apsāt	अप्साताम् apsātām	अप्सान् apsān	अप्सात apsāta	अप्सैताम् apsaitām	अप्सान्त apsānta
Second	अप्साः apsāḥ	अप्सातम् apsātam	अप्सात apsāta	अप्साथाः apsāthāḥ	अप्सैथाम् apsaithām	अप्साध्वम् apsādhvam
First	अप्साम् apsām	अप्साव apsāva	अप्साम apsāma	अप्सै apsai	अप्सावहि apsāvahi	अप्सामहि apsāmahi

References

^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Besen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 78: “wg. *besmōn-”
^ Monier Williams (1899) “प्सा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 715.

[1] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Besen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 78: “wg. *besmōn-”

[2] Monier Williams (1899) “प्सा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 715.

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