मज्जन्

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mazǰʰā́, from Proto-Indo-European *mosgʰḗn. Compare English marrow, Russian мозг (mozg).

The Central New-Indo-Aryan descendants all have unusual vowels, reflecting *mejja or *mijja (perhaps undergoing usual Middle Indo-Aryan shortening of vowels before geminates). These may reflect a retention of the thorn cluster in the same way Sanskrit मेधा (medhā́, “wisdom”) preserves Proto-Indo-Iranian *mazdʰáH's cluster with compensatory lengthening.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐd.d͡ʑɐ́n/,
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐd̪.d͡ʑɐn̪/,

मज्जन् • (majján) stem, m

1. marrow (of the bones), pith

   Synonym: हड्डज (haḍḍaja)

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.68.9:

     बृह॒स्पति॒र् गोव॑पुषो व॒लस्य॒ निर् म॒ज्जानं॒ न पर्व॑णो जभार ॥

     bṛ́haspátir góvapuṣo valásya nír majjā́naṃ ná párvaṇo jabhāra.

     As if from a joint, Bṛhaspati took the marrow of Vala as he assumed the shape of a cow.

• Dardic:
  • Dameli: (mānũ)
  • Kalasha: (muñ), (bhrānz)
  • Khowar: مژ (muž)
• Pali: miñjā
• Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (majjā), 𑀫𑀺𑀁𑀚𑀸 (miṃjā)
  • Central:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (majjā)
      • Hindustani: bhejā ("brain"), mā̃j ("matter, pus")

        Hindi: भेजा, माँज (“matter, pus”)

        Urdu: بھیجَہ (bheja), مَاںج (mā̃j)

  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (majjā)
      • Assamese: মজা (moza, “core, inner part”)
      • Bengali: মজ্জা (mojja), মাইজ (maij)
      • Odia: ମଞ୍ଜା (mañjā), ମଞ୍ଜ (mañja, “heartwood”)
  • Northwestern:
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Takka Apabhramsa:
        • Punjabi: bhejā (“brain, marrow”), mij, mañjā, mijjh, miñjh, bhejjā

          Gurmukhi script: ਭੇਜਾ, ਮਿਜ, ਮੰਜਾ, ਮਿੱਝ, ਮਿੰਝ, ਭੇੱਜਾ

          Shahmukhi script: بھیجَہ, مِج, مَنجَہ, مِجّھ, مِنجھ, بھیجّھَہ

          • Lahnda: مجھ (mìjh)
            • Saraiki: مِیڄ (mīǰ), مِجّ (mijj)
      • Vracada Apabhramsa:
        • Sindhi: mijā, majalo, maj̄ālo, mij̄a, miña, miñu

          Arabic script: مِجَه, مَجَلو, مَجَالو, مِڄَ, مِڃَ, مِڃُ

          Devanagari script: मिजा, मजलो, मॼालो, मिॼ, मिञ, मिञु

  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: މަދު (madu)
      • Sinhalese: මිදුළු (miduḷu)
  • Western:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (majjā)
      • Gujarati: ભેજું (bhejũ, “brain”), મીચ (mīc, “kernel”), મીઁજ (mīm̐j)

• Monier Williams (1899) “मज्जन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 773/2.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “majján”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press