मत्स्य

Borrowed from Sanskrit मत्स्य (mátsya), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mátsyas.

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /mət̪.sjᵊ/,

मत्स्य • (matsya) m (Urdu spelling متسیہ)

1. (formal) fish

   Synonyms: माही (māhī), मछली (machlī)

2. (Hinduism) the first of ten avatars of the god Vishnu who appeared in the form of a fish

• मत्स्य पालन (matsya pālan, “fishing”)
• मत्स्यांगना (matsyāṅgnā, “mermaid”)

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मत्स्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mátsyas (“fish”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬀 (masiia), Persian ماهی (mâhi).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐ́t.sjɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐt̪.s̪jɐ/

मत्स्य • (mátsya) stem, m

1. a fish

   अपि त्वम् मत्स्यं खादितुम् इच्छसि?

   api tvam matsyaṃ khāditum icchasi?

   Would you like to eat this fish?

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.18.6:

     पुरोळा इत्तुर्वशो यक्षुरासीद्राये मत्स्यासो निशिता अपीव ।

     puroḷā́ ítturváśo yákṣurāsīdrāyé mátsyāso níśitā ápīva

     Eager for spoil was Turvaśa Purodas, fain to win wealth, like fishes urged by hunger.

2. (Hinduism) the first of ten avatars of the god Vishnu who appeared in the form of a fish

मत्स्य • (mátsya) m

1. an ancient Indo-Aryan tribe of central South Asia whose existence is attested during the Iron Age.

• मत्स्यक (matsyaka) (diminutive)
  • Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙-𑀓 (*maccha-ka)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙-𑀅 (*maccha-a)
      • Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘰𑘭𑘰 (māsā)
        • Marathi: मासा (māsā)
• मत्स्यगन्धा (matsyagandhā)

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀙 (macha /⁠maccha⁠/)
  • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙 (maccha)
  • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀰𑁆𑀘 (maśca)
    • Assamese: মাছ (mas)
    • Bengali: মাছ (mach)
    • Chakma: 𑄟𑄌𑄴 (māc)
    • Odia: ମାଛ (mācha)
    • Rohingya: mas
    • Sylheti: ꠝꠣꠍ (masó)
  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Nepali: माछा (māchā)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙 (maccha)
    • Hindustani: macch

      Hindi: मच्छ

      Urdu: مَچھ

    • Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘔 (macha), 𑘦𑘓𑘿𑘔 (maccha)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙 (maccha)
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: मच्छ (macch)

      Urdu: مچھ (macch)

    • Romani: maćho
      • Traveller Norwegian: makjo
  • ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙-𑀇𑀓 f (*maccha-ika)
    • Kholosi: māči
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (macchī)
      • Hindustani:

        Hindi: मच्छी (macchī)

        Urdu: مچھی (macchī)

      • Kachchi: મછી (machī)
      • Punjabi: ਮੱਛੀ (macchī) / مَچھّی (machhī)
      • Sindhi: مڇِي / मछी
  • ⇒ Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙-𑀮𑀻 f (*maccha-lī)
    • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
      • Awadhi: मछरी (machrī)
    • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀰𑁆𑀘𑀮𑀻 (maścalī)
      • Bhojpuri: मछरी (machᵊrī)
    • Maharastri Prakrit:
      • Konkani: मासोळी (māsoḷī)
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Gujarati: માછલી (māchlī)
      • Hindustani:

        Hindi: मछली (machlī)

        Urdu: مچھلی (machlī)

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: matshí
  • Khowar: مَڅھی (matshí)
• Helu Prakrit:
  • Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
  • Sinhalese: මාළුවා (māḷuwā)
• Pali: maccha
  • → Khmer: មច្ឆា (macchaa)
  • → Thai: มัจฉะ, มัจฉา (mát-chǎa) (from nom.pl.)
• → English: Matsya
• → Hindi: मत्स्य (matsya)
• → Odia: ମତ୍ସ୍ଯ (matsja)
• → Malayalam: മത്സ്യം (matsyaṁ)
• → Tamil: மத்ஸ்யம் (matsyam), மச்சம் (maccam)
• → Telugu: మత్స్యము (matsyamu)
• → Thai: มัตสยา (mát-sà-yǎa)

• Monier Williams (1899) “मत्स्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 776/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 297-8