मस्तक

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit मस्तक (mastaka).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /məs.t̪ək/,

Noun

मस्तक • (mastak) m (Urdu spelling مستک)

1. head
2. skull
3. forehead
4. summit

Declension

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɐs.tɐ.kɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmɐs̪.t̪ɐ.kɐ/

Noun

मस्तक • (mastaka) stem, m or n

1. the head, skull
2. the upper part of anything, top, summit (especially of mountains or trees)
3. the tuft of leaves which grows at the top of various species of palm trees

Declension

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Dameli: maštak
  • Gawar-Bati: مَستَک (masták), مَستَاک (mastā́k)
  • Kalasha: mhāsta, māsta
  • Phalura: مات (mātu)
  • Shina: مت, متھو
  • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: mat, math
• Prakrit: 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀣 (mattha)
  • Central:
    • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀣 (mattha)
    • Sauraseni Prakrit:
      • Awadhi: माथ (māth)
      • Hindustani: māthā
        • Hindi: माथा
        • Urdu: مَاتھَا
      • Old Gujarati:
        • Gujarati: માથું (māthũ)
        • Rajasthani:
          • Marwari: माथो (mātho)
      • Punjabi: ਮੱਥੇ (matthe)
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Assamese: মাথ (math)
      • Bengali: মাথা (matha)
      • Bihari:
        • Bhojpuri: माथ (māth)
        • Maithili: माथ (māth)
      • Odia: ମାଥ (mathô)
  • Northern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Central Pahari:
        • Garhwali: माथो (mātho)
        • Kumaoni: मथा (mathā), माँथ (mā̃th)
      • Eastern Pahari:
        • Nepali: माथ (māth), माथि (māthi)
  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: މަތި (mati), މަތީ (matī), މަޗައް (macak̊)
      • Sinhalese: මත්ත (matta), මතු (matu), මත (mata)
    • Maharastri Prakrit:
      • Konkani:

        Devanagari script: माथें (māthẽ)

        Latin script: mathẽ

        Kannada script: ಮಾಥೆಂ

      • Marathi: माथा (māthā)
  • Western:
    • Takka Apabhramsa:
      • Punjabi: matthā

        Gurmukhi script: ਮੱਥਾ

        Shahmukhi script: مَتَّا

    • Vracada Apabhramsa:
      • Sindhi: mathu, matho

        Arabic script: مَٺُ, مَٺو

        Devanagari script: मथु, मथो

        • Kachchi: મથો (matho)
• → Proto-Nuristani:
  • Ashkun: mōstə
  • Kamkata-viri: mištə, mŕũšⁱte
  • Prasuni: must
  • Waigali: muštä

Borrowed terms

• → Hindi: मस्तक (mastak)
• → Old Javanese: mastaka
  • > Javanese: ꦩꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦏ (mustaka) (inherited)
• → Tamil: மஸ்தகம் (mastakam), மத்தகம் (mattakam)
• → Telugu: మస్తకము (mastakamu)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “masta”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 571