मुण्ड

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /mʊɳɖ/,

Adjective

मुण्ड • (muṇḍ) (indeclinable)

1. Alternative form of मुंड (muṇḍ)

Noun

मुण्ड • (muṇḍ) m

1. Alternative form of मुंड (muṇḍ)

Declension

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Uncertain.

Probably of Dravidian origin, with coalescence of two Dravidian word-groups, compare Malayalam മണ്ട (maṇṭa, “head, skull”), Kannada ಮೊಂಡ (moṇḍa, “blunt, maimed, deficient”), Tamil மொட்டை (moṭṭai, “bald head, shaven head”), மொண்ணன் (moṇṇaṉ, “baldheaded person”); less likely Munda connections.

Tedesco compares the word to वर्ध् (vardh, “to cut off”) and भाण्डिल (bhāṇḍila, “barber”), considering these to all be of Indo-Aryan origin.

The generic "head" sense may be a case of semantic contamination from मूर्धन् (mūrdhan, “head”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /muɳ.ɖɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmuɳ.ɖɐ/

Proper noun

मुण्ड • (muṇḍa) stem, m (Hinduism)

1. name of Shiva
2. name of Rahu
3. name of a dynasty
4. name of a king
5. name of a Daitya

Declension

Noun

मुण्ड • (muṇḍa) stem, m

1. a man with a shaven head, bald-headed man
2. the trunk of a lopped tree
3. a barber

Declension

Noun

मुण्ड • (muṇḍa) stem, n

1. a shaven head
2. any head
3. iron

   Synonym: लोह (loha)

4. myrrh

Declension

Adjective

मुण्ड • (muṇḍa) stem

1. shaved, bald, having the head shaved or the hair shorn
2. having no horns, hornless (as a cow or goat)
3. stripped of top leaves or branches, lopped (as a tree)
4. pointless, blunt
5. without awns or a beard
6. low, mean

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit:
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Bihari:
      • Maithili: (“cap long enough to cover ears”)

        Devanagari script: मुण्डा (muṇḍā)

        Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒳𑒝𑓂𑒛𑒰 (muṇḍā)

    • Odia: ମୁଣ୍ଡ (muṇḍô, “pollard; the trunk of a lopped off tree”)
    • Bengali: মুণ্ড (munḍo), মুণ্ডু (munḍu, “head”)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀁𑀟 (muṃḍa)
    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: मुंड (muṃḍa), मुंडें (muṃḍeṃ)

      Modi script: 𑘦𑘳𑘽𑘚 (muṃḍa), 𑘦𑘳𑘽𑘚𑘹𑘽 (muṃḍeṃ)

  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Gurjar Apabhramsa:
      • Gujarati: મૂંડો (mū̃ḍo)
    • Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
      • Hindustani:

        Hindi: मुंडा (muṇḍā)

        Urdu: مُنڈا (muṇḍā)

  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Takka Apabhramsa:
      • Punjabi:

        Gurmukhi script: ਮੁੰਡਾ (muṇḍā), ਮੁੰਨਾ (munnā), ਮੁੰਨੀ (munnī)

        Shahmukhi script: مُنڈا (munḍā), مُنّا (munnā), مُنِّی (munniī)

• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: (“widow”)

    Arabic script: مۆنڈ (monḍ)

    Devanagari script: म्वंड् (mwaṃḍ)

• Pali: muṇḍa
• → Hindi: मुंड (muṇḍ) (learned)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मुण्ड”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 822, column 1.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “मुण्ड”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 361
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 651-652
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “muṇḍa¹”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press