यम

Hindi Wikipedia has an article on:

यम

Wikipedia ^hi

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यम (yama).

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /jəm/,

यम • (yam) m

1. (Hinduism) Yama, god of death

   Synonym: यमराज (yamrāj)

2. (astronomy) Pluto (dwarf planet, former planet)

Marathi Wikipedia has an article on:

यम

Wikipedia ^mr

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘧𑘦 (yama), from Sanskrit यम (yama).

• IPA^(key): /jəm/

• Audio:

  (file)

यम • (yam) m

1. (Hinduism) Yama

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “यम”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “यम”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण (1932-1950) “यम”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे : महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

यम (yama) m

1. Devanagari form of 𑘧𑘦 (yama)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yámas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yámas, from Proto-Indo-European *yém-o-s, from *yem- (“to hold, restrain”). Cognate with Albanian gjem.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ́.mɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈjɐ.mɐ/

यम • (yáma) stem, m (root यम्)

1. rein
2. driver, charioteer
3. suppression, restraint; self-restraint (in Yoga)
4. any great moral rule or duty
5. observance, rule

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yamás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yamás, from Proto-Indo-European *yemHós (“connected, paired”), from *yemH- (“twin”). Cognate with Latin Remus.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ.mɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈjɐ.mɐ/

यम • (yamá) stem

1. twin-born, forming a pair

यम • (yamá) stem, m

1. a twin, one of a pair or couple
2. a pair or a couple
3. (symbolic) the number 'two'

• Dardic:
  • Khowar: جمےژ (ǰamiž)
• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: යමා (yamā)
• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: जेंवां (jēnvā̃)
• Maharastri Prakrit:
  • Marathi: जवा (javā)
• Pali: yama

यम • (yamá) stem, n

1. (grammar) a twin-letter
2. pitch of the voice

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Yamás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Yamás.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ.mɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈjɐ.mɐ/

यम • (yamá) stem, m

1. Yama, the god of death, afterlife and justice, the twin brother of Yamuna and believed to have been the first mortal to die
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.14.1:

     प॒रे॒यि॒वांसं॑ प्र॒वतो॑ म॒हीरनु॑ ब॒हुभ्य॒: पन्था॑मनुपस्पशा॒नम्।
     वै॒व॒स्व॒तं सं॒गम॑नं॒ जना॑नां य॒मं राजा॑नं ह॒विषा॑ दुवस्य॥

     pareyivā́ṃsaṃ praváto mahī́ránu bahúbhya: pánthāmanupaspaśānám.
     vaivasvatáṃ saṃgámanaṃ jánānāṃ yamáṃ rā́jānaṃ havíṣā duvasya.

     Honour the King (of the Pitṛs) with your oblations, Yama, Vivasvan's Son, who gathers men together, who travelled to the lofty heights above us, who searches out and shows the path to many.

• → Balinese: ᬬᬫ (yama)
• → Bengali: যম (jom)
• → Manipuri: ꯌꯃ (yama)
• → Middle Chinese: 閻魔 (MC yem ma)
  • Mandarin: 閻魔／阎魔 (Yánmó)
  • → Japanese: 閻魔 (えんま, enma)
  • → Korean: 염마 (yeomma), 閻魔
  • → Vietnamese: Diêm Ma
• → Japanese: 夜摩 (Yama)
• → Old Marathi: 𑘧𑘦 (yama)
  • Marathi: यम (yam)
• Pali: yama
  • → Burmese: ယာမာ (yama)
  • → Old Khmer: (yama)
    • Khmer: យម (yum)
  • → Thai: ยม (yom)
• Prakrit: 𑀚𑀫 (jama)
• → Tamil: யமன் (yamaṉ)

• Monier Williams (1899) “यम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 846, column 1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “यम”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press