रश्मि

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *raśmíṣ, form Proto-Indo-Iranian *raćmíš, from *rać- (“to bind, tie”), whence also रश्मन् (raśmán), रशना (raśanā́). Cognate with Middle Persian lsn' (rasan), Persian رسن (rasan). Compare also Old Armenian առասան (aṙasan), an Iranian borrowing.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾɐɕ.mí/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɾɐɕ.mi/

रश्मि • (raśmí) stem, m (rarely f)

1. rope, string, cord

   Synonyms: रज्जु (rájju), सूत्र (sū́tra)

2. rein, bridle, leash

   Synonym: वागा (vāgā)

3. whip, goad
4. measuring cord
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.25.18:

     परि॒ यो र॒श्मिना॑ दि॒वोऽन्ता॑न्म॒मे पृ॑थि॒व्याः।
     उ॒भे आ प॑प्रौ॒ रोद॑सी महि॒त्वा॥

     pári yó raśmínā divóʼntānmamé pṛthivyā́ḥ.
     ubhé ā́ paprau ródasī mahitvā́.

     He who hath measured with his ray the boundaries of heaven and earth,
     And with his majesty hath filled the two worlds full,

5. ray of light

• Dardic:
  • Shina: رش (răš)
• Pali: raṁsi, rasmi
  • → Burmese: ရံသီ (ramsi)
  • → Thai: รังสี (rang-sǐi)
• Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)
  • Central:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)
      • Hindustani: rās
        • Hindi: रास
        • Urdu: رَاس (rās)
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Assamese: ৰছী (rosi)
      • Bengali: রশি (rośi)
      • Bihari:
        • Maithili: रास (rās)
      • Odia: ରାସ (rāsa)
  • Northern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Central Pahari:
        • Garhwali: रास (rās)
      • Eastern Pahari:
        • Nepali: रास (rās)
  • Northwestern:
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Takka Apabhramsa:
        • Punjabi: rassī

          Gurmukhi script: ਰੱਸੀ

          Shahmukhi script: رَسَّی

          • Lahnda: رسہ (rassā)
      • Vracada Apabhramsa:
        • Sindhi: rasi, rasī, raso, rāsī

          Arabic script: رَسِ, رَسِي, رَسو, رَاسِي

          Devanagari script: रसि, रसी, रसो, रासी

  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ރެސް (res)
      • Sinhalese: රැස (ræsa)
    • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)
      • Marathi: रस्सी (rassī)
  • Western:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (rassi)
      • Gujarati: રાશ (rāś), રશ્રી (raśrī)

Borrowed terms

• → Khmer: រស្មី (rĕəʼsməy)
• → Old Javanese: raśmi
  • > Javanese: ꦫꦱ꧀ꦩꦶ (rasmi) (inherited)
  • → Balinese: ᬭᬰ᭄ᬫᬶ (rasmi)
• → Thai: รัศมี (rát-sà-mǐi)

• Monier Williams (1899) “रश्मि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 869.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “raśmí”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• Lubotsky, The System of Nominal Accentuation in Sanskrit and Proto-Indo-European