लोक

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See also: लंका

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लोक (loka). Doublet of लोग (log) and लोअ (loa).

Pronunciation

Noun

लोक • (lok) m (Urdu spelling لوک)

  1. public
    Synonym: जन (jan)
    हमारा नेता बड़ा धोखेबाज़ है, पर लोक द्वारा समर्थित है।
    hamārā netā baṛā dhokhebāz hai, par lok dvārā samarthit hai.
    Our leader is a cheat, but he is supported by the public.
  2. folk
    Synonym: लोग (log)
    यह चावल गाँव लोक से आते हैं।
    yah cāval gā̃v lok se āte ha͠i.
    This rice comes from the village folk.
  3. world
    मौत के समय पर, हर एक आदमी स्वर्ग-लोक पहुँचना चाहते हैं।
    maut ke samay par, har ek ādmī svarg-lok pahũcnā cāhte ha͠i.
    Each and every person wants to go to the world of paradise (heaven) upon their death.

Declension

Declension of लोक (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct लोक
lok 		लोक
lok
oblique लोक
lok 		लोकों
lokõ
vocative लोक
lok 		लोको
loko

Derived terms

References

  • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “लोक”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Konkani

Noun

लोक • (lok) m (Latin script lok, Kannada script ಲೊಕ್)

  1. (plural only) people

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit लोक (loká).

Noun

लोक • (lok) m pl

  1. people, folk

References

  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “लोक”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “लोक”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Old Awadhi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लोक (loká).

Noun

लोक (loka) (plural लोकन)

  1. world (countable)
    • c. 1500s CE, Tulsīdās, Saṅkaṭmocan Hanumān Aṣṭak :
      तब तीनहुँ लोक भयो अँधियारो।
      taba tīnahum̐ loka bhayo am̐dhiyāro.
      Then, the three worlds turned dark

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Noun

लोक m

  1. Devanagari script form of loka (“world”)

Declension

Declension table of "लोक" (masculine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)लोको (loko)लोका (lokā)
Accusative (second)लोकं (lokaṃ)लोके (loke)
Instrumental (third)लोकेन (lokena)लोकेहि (lokehi) or लोकेभि (lokebhi)
Dative (fourth)लोकस्स (lokassa) or लोकाय (lokāya) or लोकत्थं (lokatthaṃ)लोकानं (lokānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)लोकस्मा (lokasmā) or लोकम्हा (lokamhā) or लोका (lokā)लोकेहि (lokehi) or लोकेभि (lokebhi)
Genitive (sixth)लोकस्स (lokassa)लोकानं (lokānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)लोकस्मिं (lokasmiṃ) or लोकम्हि (lokamhi) or लोके (loke)लोकेसु (lokesu)
Vocative (calling)लोक (loka)लोका (lokā)

Rajbanshi

Noun

लोक (lok) (classifier ट, plural लोकला)

  1. man

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lowk-ó-s (open space), from *lewk- (“to shine”). Cognate with Latin lūcus (“sacred grove”), Lithuanian laũkas (“field”), Old English lēah (“open field, meadow”) (whence English lea).

Pronunciation

Noun

लोक • (loká) stem, m

  1. free or open space.
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.47.8.1:
      उ॒रुं नो॑ लो॒कम्अनु॑ नेषि वि॒द्वान्त्स्व॑र्व॒ज्ज्योति॒रभ॑यं स्व॒स्ति ।
      urúṃ no lokámánu neṣi vidvā́ntsvàrvajjyótirábhayaṃ svastí.
      Lead us to ample wide space, O thou who knowest, to happiness, security, and sunlight.
  2. world, realm; the earth or world of human beings.
  3. the inhabitants of the world, mankind, folk, people.
  4. men (as opposed to women).
  5. a company, community
  6. ordinary life, worldly affairs, common practice or usage.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of लोक (loká)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative लोकः
lokáḥ 		लोकौ / लोका¹
lokaú / lokā́¹ 		लोकाः / लोकासः¹
lokā́ḥ / lokā́saḥ¹
Vocative लोक
lóka 		लोकौ / लोका¹
lókau / lókā¹ 		लोकाः / लोकासः¹
lókāḥ / lókāsaḥ¹
Accusative लोकम्
lokám 		लोकौ / लोका¹
lokaú / lokā́¹ 		लोकान्
lokā́n
Instrumental लोकेन
lokéna 		लोकाभ्याम्
lokā́bhyām 		लोकैः / लोकेभिः¹
lokaíḥ / lokébhiḥ¹
Dative लोकाय
lokā́ya 		लोकाभ्याम्
lokā́bhyām 		लोकेभ्यः
lokébhyaḥ
Ablative लोकात्
lokā́t 		लोकाभ्याम्
lokā́bhyām 		लोकेभ्यः
lokébhyaḥ
Genitive लोकस्य
lokásya 		लोकयोः
lokáyoḥ 		लोकानाम्
lokā́nām
Locative लोके
loké 		लोकयोः
lokáyoḥ 		लोकेषु
lokéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “लोक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 906/1-2.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 481
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