वृषभ
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Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit वृषभ (vṛṣabha)
Pronunciation
Noun
वृषभ • (vŕṣabh) m
See also
| Zodiac signs in Marathi · राशी (rāśī) (layout · text) | |||||||||||
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| मेष (meṣ) | वृषभ (vŕṣabh) | मिथुन (mithun) | कर्क (karka) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siuha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तूळ (tūḷ) | वृश्चिक (vŕścik) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makar) | कुंभ (kumbha) | मीन (mīn) | ||||||||
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৱৃষভ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬺᬱᬪ (Balinese script)
- বৃষভ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰴𑰬𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀾𑀱𑀪 (Brahmi script)
- ဝၖၑဘ (Burmese script)
- વૃષભ (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਰਸ਼ਭ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑍃𑌷𑌭 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦽꦰꦨ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑃂𑂭𑂦 (Kaithi script)
- ವೃಷಭ (Kannada script)
- វ្ឫឞភ (Khmer script)
- ວ຺ຣິຩຠ (Lao script)
- വൃഷഭ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡵᡳᢢᠠᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘵𑘬𑘥 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᠢᢔᠠᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧖𑧌𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐺𑐲𑐨 (Newa script)
- ଵୃଷଭ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢺꢰꢩ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆸𑆰𑆨 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖴𑖬𑖥 (Siddham script)
- වෘෂභ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩙𑪀𑩳 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚡 (Takri script)
- வ்ரிஷப⁴ (Tamil script)
- వృషభ (Telugu script)
- วฺฤษภ (Thai script)
- ཝྲྀ་ཥ་བྷ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒵𑒭𑒦 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨯𑨡 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)r̥šabʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s, from *wérsēn (“male animal; manly man”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (arəšan), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn), Latin verrēs. Also related to ऋषभ (ṛṣabhá), वृषन् (vṛṣan).
Pronunciation
Noun
वृषभ • (vṛṣabhá) stem, m
- a bull (used as an epithet of various gods in the Vedas)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.31.5:
- त्वम॑ग्ने वृष॒भः पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑न॒ उद्य॑तस्रुचे भवसि श्र॒वाय्य॑:।
य आहु॑तिं॒ परि॒ वेदा॒ वष॑ट्कृति॒मेका॑यु॒रग्रे॒ विश॑ आ॒विवा॑ससि॥- tvámagne vṛṣabháḥ puṣṭivárdhana údyatasruce bhavasi śravā́yya:.
yá ā́hutiṃ pári védā váṣaṭkṛtimékāyurágre víśa āvívāsasi. - Thou, Agni, art a Bull who makes our store increase, to be invoked by him who lifts the ladle up.
Well knowing the oblation with the hallowing word, uniting all who live, thou lightenest first our folk.
- tvámagne vṛṣabháḥ puṣṭivárdhana údyatasruce bhavasi śravā́yya:.
- त्वम॑ग्ने वृष॒भः पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑न॒ उद्य॑तस्रुचे भवसि श्र॒वाय्य॑:।
- the chief, most excellent or eminent, lord or best among (in later language mostly at the end of a compound, or with genitive)
- (astrology) the zodiacal sign Taurus
- a particular drug (described as a root brought from the Himalaya mountains, resembling the horn of a bull, of cooling and tonic properties, and serviceable in catarrh and consumption)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वृषभः (vṛṣabhaḥ) | वृषभौ (vṛṣabhau) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) वृषभासः¹ (vṛṣabhāsaḥ¹) |
| vocative | वृषभ (vṛṣabha) | वृषभौ (vṛṣabhau) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) वृषभासः¹ (vṛṣabhāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | वृषभम् (vṛṣabham) | वृषभौ (vṛṣabhau) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
वृषभान् (vṛṣabhān) |
| instrumental | वृषभेण (vṛṣabheṇa) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभैः (vṛṣabhaiḥ) वृषभेभिः¹ (vṛṣabhebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वृषभाय (vṛṣabhāya) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभेभ्यः (vṛṣabhebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वृषभात् (vṛṣabhāt) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभेभ्यः (vṛṣabhebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वृषभस्य (vṛṣabhasya) | वृषभयोः (vṛṣabhayoḥ) | वृषभाणाम् (vṛṣabhāṇām) |
| locative | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभयोः (vṛṣabhayoḥ) | वृषभेषु (vṛṣabheṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Adjective
वृषभ • (vṛṣabhá) stem
- manly, mighty, vigorous, strong
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.8:
- प्र ब॒भ्रवे॑ वृष॒भाय॑ श्विती॒चे म॒हो म॒हीं सु॑ष्टु॒तिमी॑रयामि। न॒म॒स्या क॑ल्मली॒किनं॒ नमो॑भिर्गृणी॒मसि॑ त्वे॒षं रु॒द्रस्य॒ नाम॑॥
- prá babhráve vṛṣabhā́ya śvitīcé mahó mahī́ṃ suṣṭutímīrayāmi. namasyā́ kalmalīkínaṃ námobhirgṛṇīmási tveṣáṃ rudrásya nā́ma.
- To him the strong, great, tawny, fair-complexioned, I utter forth a mighty hymn of praises.
We serve the brilliant God with adorations, we glorify, the splendid name of Rudra.
- प्र ब॒भ्रवे॑ वृष॒भाय॑ श्विती॒चे म॒हो म॒हीं सु॑ष्टु॒तिमी॑रयामि। न॒म॒स्या क॑ल्मली॒किनं॒ नमो॑भिर्गृणी॒मसि॑ त्वे॒षं रु॒द्रस्य॒ नाम॑॥
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वृषभः (vṛṣabhaḥ) | वृषभौ (vṛṣabhau) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) वृषभासः¹ (vṛṣabhāsaḥ¹) |
| vocative | वृषभ (vṛṣabha) | वृषभौ (vṛṣabhau) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) वृषभासः¹ (vṛṣabhāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | वृषभम् (vṛṣabham) | वृषभौ (vṛṣabhau) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
वृषभान् (vṛṣabhān) |
| instrumental | वृषभेण (vṛṣabheṇa) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभैः (vṛṣabhaiḥ) वृषभेभिः¹ (vṛṣabhebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वृषभाय (vṛṣabhāya) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभेभ्यः (vṛṣabhebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वृषभात् (vṛṣabhāt) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभेभ्यः (vṛṣabhebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वृषभस्य (vṛṣabhasya) | वृषभयोः (vṛṣabhayoḥ) | वृषभाणाम् (vṛṣabhāṇām) |
| locative | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभयोः (vṛṣabhayoḥ) | वृषभेषु (vṛṣabheṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
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| nominative | वृषभा (vṛṣabhā) | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) |
| vocative | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) |
| accusative | वृषभाम् (vṛṣabhām) | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) |
| instrumental | वृषभया (vṛṣabhayā) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभाभिः (vṛṣabhābhiḥ) |
| dative | वृषभायै (vṛṣabhāyai) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभाभ्यः (vṛṣabhābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वृषभायाः (vṛṣabhāyāḥ) वृषभायै² (vṛṣabhāyai²) |
वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभाभ्यः (vṛṣabhābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वृषभायाः (vṛṣabhāyāḥ) वृषभायै² (vṛṣabhāyai²) |
वृषभयोः (vṛṣabhayoḥ) | वृषभाणाम् (vṛṣabhāṇām) |
| locative | वृषभायाम् (vṛṣabhāyām) | वृषभयोः (vṛṣabhayoḥ) | वृषभासु (vṛṣabhāsu) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
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| nominative | वृषभम् (vṛṣabham) | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभाणि (vṛṣabhāṇi) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
| vocative | वृषभ (vṛṣabha) | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभाणि (vṛṣabhāṇi) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
| accusative | वृषभम् (vṛṣabham) | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभाणि (vṛṣabhāṇi) वृषभा¹ (vṛṣabhā¹) |
| instrumental | वृषभेण (vṛṣabheṇa) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभैः (vṛṣabhaiḥ) वृषभेभिः¹ (vṛṣabhebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वृषभाय (vṛṣabhāya) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभेभ्यः (vṛṣabhebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वृषभात् (vṛṣabhāt) | वृषभाभ्याम् (vṛṣabhābhyām) | वृषभेभ्यः (vṛṣabhebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वृषभस्य (vṛṣabhasya) | वृषभयोः (vṛṣabhayoḥ) | वृषभाणाम् (vṛṣabhāṇām) |
| locative | वृषभे (vṛṣabhe) | वृषभयोः (vṛṣabhayoḥ) | वृषभेषु (vṛṣabheṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
Descendants
See also
| Zodiac signs in Sanskrit (layout · text) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| ||||||||
| मेष (meṣa) | ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) | मिथुन (mithuna) | कर्कटक (karkaṭaka) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siṃha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तुला (tulā) | वृश्चिक (vṛścika) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makara) | कुम्भ (kumbha) | मीन (mīna) | ||||||||
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “वृषभ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1012.
- Alexander Lubotsky, A Rgvedic Word Concordance, American Oriental Society, 1997, lemma vṛṣabhá