वृषभ
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Marathi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit वृषभ (vṛṣabha)
Pronunciation
Noun
वृषभ • (vŕṣabh) m
See also
| Zodiac signs in Marathi · राशी (rāśī) (layout · text) | |||||||||||
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| मेष (meṣ) | वृषभ (vŕṣabh) | मिथुन (mithun) | कर्क (karka) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siuha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तूळ (tūḷ) | वृश्चिक (vŕścik) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makar) | कुंभ (kumbha) | मीन (mīn) | ||||||||
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৱৃষভ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬺᬱᬪ (Balinese script)
- বৃষভ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰴𑰬𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀾𑀱𑀪 (Brahmi script)
- ဝၖၑဘ (Burmese script)
- વૃષભ (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਰਸ਼ਭ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑍃𑌷𑌭 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦽꦰꦨ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑃂𑂭𑂦 (Kaithi script)
- ವೃಷಭ (Kannada script)
- វ្ឫឞភ (Khmer script)
- ວ຺ຣິຩຠ (Lao script)
- വൃഷഭ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡵᡳᢢᠠᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘵𑘬𑘥 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᠢᢔᠠᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧖𑧌𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐺𑐲𑐨 (Newa script)
- ଵୃଷଭ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢺꢰꢩ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆸𑆰𑆨 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖴𑖬𑖥 (Siddham script)
- වෘෂභ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩙𑪀𑩳 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚡 (Takri script)
- வ்ரிஷப⁴ (Tamil script)
- వృషభ (Telugu script)
- วฺฤษภ (Thai script)
- ཝྲྀ་ཥ་བྷ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒵𑒭𑒦 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨯𑨡 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)r̥šabʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s, from *wérsēn (“male animal; manly man”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (arəšan), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn), Latin verrēs. Also related to ऋषभ (ṛṣabhá), वृषन् (vṛṣan).
Pronunciation
Noun
वृषभ • (vṛṣabhá) stem, m
- a bull (used as an epithet of various gods in the Vedas)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.31.5:
- त्वम॑ग्ने वृष॒भः पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑न॒ उद्य॑तस्रुचे भवसि श्र॒वाय्य॑:।
य आहु॑तिं॒ परि॒ वेदा॒ वष॑ट्कृति॒मेका॑यु॒रग्रे॒ विश॑ आ॒विवा॑ससि॥- tvámagne vṛṣabháḥ puṣṭivárdhana údyatasruce bhavasi śravā́yya:.
yá ā́hutiṃ pári védā váṣaṭkṛtimékāyurágre víśa āvívāsasi. - Thou, Agni, art a Bull who makes our store increase, to be invoked by him who lifts the ladle up.
Well knowing the oblation with the hallowing word, uniting all who live, thou lightenest first our folk.
- tvámagne vṛṣabháḥ puṣṭivárdhana údyatasruce bhavasi śravā́yya:.
- त्वम॑ग्ने वृष॒भः पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑न॒ उद्य॑तस्रुचे भवसि श्र॒वाय्य॑:।
- the chief, most excellent or eminent, lord or best among (in later language mostly at the end of a compound, or with genitive)
- (astrology) the zodiacal sign Taurus
- a particular drug (described as a root brought from the Himalaya mountains, resembling the horn of a bull, of cooling and tonic properties, and serviceable in catarrh and consumption)
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of वृषभ (vṛṣabhá) | |||
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| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | वृषभः vṛṣabháḥ |
वृषभौ / वृषभा¹ vṛṣabhaú / vṛṣabhā́¹ |
वृषभाः / वृषभासः¹ vṛṣabhā́ḥ / vṛṣabhā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | वृषभ vṛ́ṣabha |
वृषभौ / वृषभा¹ vṛ́ṣabhau / vṛ́ṣabhā¹ |
वृषभाः / वृषभासः¹ vṛ́ṣabhāḥ / vṛ́ṣabhāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | वृषभम् vṛṣabhám |
वृषभौ / वृषभा¹ vṛṣabhaú / vṛṣabhā́¹ |
वृषभान् vṛṣabhā́n |
| Instrumental | वृषभेण vṛṣabhéṇa |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभैः / वृषभेभिः¹ vṛṣabhaíḥ / vṛṣabhébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | वृषभाय vṛṣabhā́ya |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभेभ्यः vṛṣabhébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | वृषभात् vṛṣabhā́t |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभेभ्यः vṛṣabhébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | वृषभस्य vṛṣabhásya |
वृषभयोः vṛṣabháyoḥ |
वृषभाणाम् vṛṣabhā́ṇām |
| Locative | वृषभे vṛṣabhé |
वृषभयोः vṛṣabháyoḥ |
वृषभेषु vṛṣabhéṣu |
| Notes |
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Adjective
वृषभ • (vṛṣabhá) stem
- manly, mighty, vigorous, strong
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.8:
- प्र ब॒भ्रवे॑ वृष॒भाय॑ श्विती॒चे म॒हो म॒हीं सु॑ष्टु॒तिमी॑रयामि। न॒म॒स्या क॑ल्मली॒किनं॒ नमो॑भिर्गृणी॒मसि॑ त्वे॒षं रु॒द्रस्य॒ नाम॑॥
- prá babhráve vṛṣabhā́ya śvitīcé mahó mahī́ṃ suṣṭutímīrayāmi. namasyā́ kalmalīkínaṃ námobhirgṛṇīmási tveṣáṃ rudrásya nā́ma.
- To him the strong, great, tawny, fair-complexioned, I utter forth a mighty hymn of praises.
We serve the brilliant God with adorations, we glorify, the splendid name of Rudra.
- प्र ब॒भ्रवे॑ वृष॒भाय॑ श्विती॒चे म॒हो म॒हीं सु॑ष्टु॒तिमी॑रयामि। न॒म॒स्या क॑ल्मली॒किनं॒ नमो॑भिर्गृणी॒मसि॑ त्वे॒षं रु॒द्रस्य॒ नाम॑॥
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of वृषभ (vṛṣabhá) | |||
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| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | वृषभः vṛṣabháḥ |
वृषभौ / वृषभा¹ vṛṣabhaú / vṛṣabhā́¹ |
वृषभाः / वृषभासः¹ vṛṣabhā́ḥ / vṛṣabhā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | वृषभ vṛ́ṣabha |
वृषभौ / वृषभा¹ vṛ́ṣabhau / vṛ́ṣabhā¹ |
वृषभाः / वृषभासः¹ vṛ́ṣabhāḥ / vṛ́ṣabhāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | वृषभम् vṛṣabhám |
वृषभौ / वृषभा¹ vṛṣabhaú / vṛṣabhā́¹ |
वृषभान् vṛṣabhā́n |
| Instrumental | वृषभेण vṛṣabhéṇa |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभैः / वृषभेभिः¹ vṛṣabhaíḥ / vṛṣabhébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | वृषभाय vṛṣabhā́ya |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभेभ्यः vṛṣabhébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | वृषभात् vṛṣabhā́t |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभेभ्यः vṛṣabhébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | वृषभस्य vṛṣabhásya |
वृषभयोः vṛṣabháyoḥ |
वृषभाणाम् vṛṣabhā́ṇām |
| Locative | वृषभे vṛṣabhé |
वृषभयोः vṛṣabháyoḥ |
वृषभेषु vṛṣabhéṣu |
| Notes |
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| Feminine ā-stem declension of वृषभा (vṛṣabhā́) | |||
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| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | वृषभा vṛṣabhā́ |
वृषभे vṛṣabhé |
वृषभाः vṛṣabhā́ḥ |
| Vocative | वृषभे vṛ́ṣabhe |
वृषभे vṛ́ṣabhe |
वृषभाः vṛ́ṣabhāḥ |
| Accusative | वृषभाम् vṛṣabhā́m |
वृषभे vṛṣabhé |
वृषभाः vṛṣabhā́ḥ |
| Instrumental | वृषभया / वृषभा¹ vṛṣabháyā / vṛṣabhā́¹ |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभाभिः vṛṣabhā́bhiḥ |
| Dative | वृषभायै vṛṣabhā́yai |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभाभ्यः vṛṣabhā́bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | वृषभायाः / वृषभायै² vṛṣabhā́yāḥ / vṛṣabhā́yai² |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभाभ्यः vṛṣabhā́bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | वृषभायाः / वृषभायै² vṛṣabhā́yāḥ / vṛṣabhā́yai² |
वृषभयोः vṛṣabháyoḥ |
वृषभाणाम् vṛṣabhā́ṇām |
| Locative | वृषभायाम् vṛṣabhā́yām |
वृषभयोः vṛṣabháyoḥ |
वृषभासु vṛṣabhā́su |
| Notes |
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| Neuter a-stem declension of वृषभ (vṛṣabhá) | |||
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| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | वृषभम् vṛṣabhám |
वृषभे vṛṣabhé |
वृषभाणि / वृषभा¹ vṛṣabhā́ṇi / vṛṣabhā́¹ |
| Vocative | वृषभ vṛ́ṣabha |
वृषभे vṛ́ṣabhe |
वृषभाणि / वृषभा¹ vṛ́ṣabhāṇi / vṛ́ṣabhā¹ |
| Accusative | वृषभम् vṛṣabhám |
वृषभे vṛṣabhé |
वृषभाणि / वृषभा¹ vṛṣabhā́ṇi / vṛṣabhā́¹ |
| Instrumental | वृषभेण vṛṣabhéṇa |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभैः / वृषभेभिः¹ vṛṣabhaíḥ / vṛṣabhébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | वृषभाय vṛṣabhā́ya |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभेभ्यः vṛṣabhébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | वृषभात् vṛṣabhā́t |
वृषभाभ्याम् vṛṣabhā́bhyām |
वृषभेभ्यः vṛṣabhébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | वृषभस्य vṛṣabhásya |
वृषभयोः vṛṣabháyoḥ |
वृषभाणाम् vṛṣabhā́ṇām |
| Locative | वृषभे vṛṣabhé |
वृषभयोः vṛṣabháyoḥ |
वृषभेषु vṛṣabhéṣu |
| Notes |
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Descendants
Descendants
See also
| Zodiac signs in Sanskrit (layout · text) | |||||||||||
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| मेष (meṣa) | ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) | मिथुन (mithuna) | कर्कटक (karkaṭaka) | ||||||||
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| सिंह (siṃha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तुला (tulā) | वृश्चिक (vṛścika) | ||||||||
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| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makara) | कुम्भ (kumbha) | मीन (mīna) | ||||||||
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “वृषभ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1012.
- Alexander Lubotsky, A Rgvedic Word Concordance, American Oriental Society, 1997, lemma vṛṣabhá