शर्करा
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Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā). Doublet of शक्कर (śakkar). Cognate of English sugar.
Pronunciation
Noun
शर्करा • (śarkarā) f (Urdu spelling شرکرا)
- (formal) sugar (granulated or candied)
- (chemistry) glucose, saccharose
Declension
Declension of शर्करा (fem ā-stem)
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “शर्करा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā).
Pronunciation
Noun
शर्करा • (śarkarā) f
References
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “शर्करा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- শৰ্কৰা (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬃᬓᬭᬵ (Balinese script)
- শর্করা (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰨𑰿𑰎𑰨𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀭𑁆𑀓𑀭𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ၐရ်္ကရာ (Burmese script)
- શર્કરા (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ਰ੍ਕਰਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑌰𑍍𑌕𑌰𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦂꦏꦫꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂩𑂹𑂍𑂩𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಶರ್ಕರಾ (Kannada script)
- ឝក៌រា (Khmer script)
- ຨຣ຺ກຣາ (Lao script)
- ശര്കരാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠠᡵᡬᠠᡵᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘨𑘿𑘎𑘨𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠠᠷᢉᠠᠷᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧈𑧠𑦮𑧈𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐬𑑂𑐎𑐬𑐵 (Newa script)
- ଶର୍କରା (Odia script)
- ꢯꢬ꣄ꢒꢬꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆫𑇀𑆑𑆫𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖨𑖿𑖎𑖨𑖯 (Siddham script)
- ශර්කරා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩼 𑪙𑩜𑩼𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚤𑚶𑚊𑚤𑚭 (Takri script)
- ஶர்கரா (Tamil script)
- శర్కరా (Telugu script)
- ศรฺกรา (Thai script)
- ཤ་རྐ་རཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒩𑓂𑒏𑒩𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨫𑩇𑨋𑨫𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárkaraH, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“gravel, boulder”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρόκη (krókē, “pebbles”), whence English crocodile.
Pronunciation
Noun
शर्करा • (śárkarā) stem, f
- gravel, grit, pebbles, shingle, gravelly mould or soil (mostly plural)
- gravel (as a disease)
- hardening of the flesh
- hardening of the ear-wax
- ground or candied sugar
- a fragment or piece of broken earthenware, potsherd
- cotton sugar, sugarmaple
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | शर्करा (śarkarā) | शर्करे (śarkare) | शर्कराः (śarkarāḥ) |
| vocative | शर्करे (śarkare) | शर्करे (śarkare) | शर्कराः (śarkarāḥ) |
| accusative | शर्कराम् (śarkarām) | शर्करे (śarkare) | शर्कराः (śarkarāḥ) |
| instrumental | शर्करया (śarkarayā) शर्करा¹ (śarkarā¹) |
शर्कराभ्याम् (śarkarābhyām) | शर्कराभिः (śarkarābhiḥ) |
| dative | शर्करायै (śarkarāyai) | शर्कराभ्याम् (śarkarābhyām) | शर्कराभ्यः (śarkarābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | शर्करायाः (śarkarāyāḥ) शर्करायै² (śarkarāyai²) |
शर्कराभ्याम् (śarkarābhyām) | शर्कराभ्यः (śarkarābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | शर्करायाः (śarkarāyāḥ) शर्करायै² (śarkarāyai²) |
शर्करयोः (śarkarayoḥ) | शर्कराणाम् (śarkarāṇām) |
| locative | शर्करायाम् (śarkarāyām) | शर्करयोः (śarkarayoḥ) | शर्करासु (śarkarāsu) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Borrowed terms
- → Bengali: শর্করা (śorkora)
- → Gujarati: શર્કરા (śarkarā)
- → Hindi: शर्करा (śarkarā)
- → Kannada: ಸಕ್ಕರೆ (sakkare), ಶರ್ಕರೆ (śarkare)
- → Malayalam: ശർക്കര (śaṟkkara), ചക്കര (cakkara)
- → Old Javanese: sarkara
- → Tamil: சர்க்கரை (carkkarai), சக்கரை (cakkarai) — colloquial
- → Telugu: చక్కెర (cakkera)
- → Nihali: सक्रय