शाक

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See also: शक

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शाक (śāka). Doublet of साग (sāg).

Pronunciation

Noun

शाक • (śāk) m

  1. vegetable
    Synonyms: सब्ज़ी (sabzī), साग (sāg), भाजी (bhājī)
  2. herb

Declension

Declension of शाक (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct शाक
śāk 		शाक
śāk
oblique शाक
śāk 		शाकों
śākõ
vocative शाक
śāk 		शाको
śāko

References

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *ḱēko- / *ḱeHko-; compare Lithuanian šėkas (“freshly cut green fodder”), Latvian sệks (“freshly mown fodder grass”), Old Norse há (“aftergrass”), Hittite (kikla-, “herb”).

Noun

शाक • (śāka) stem, m or n

  1. a vegetable, greens, any vegetable food
  2. a herb, potherb
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of शाक
singular dual plural
nominative शाकः (śākaḥ) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकाः (śākāḥ)
शाकासः¹ (śākāsaḥ¹)
accusative शाकम् (śākam) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकान् (śākān)
instrumental शाकेन (śākena) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकैः (śākaiḥ)
शाकेभिः¹ (śākebhiḥ¹)
dative शाकाय (śākāya) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
ablative शाकात् (śākāt) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
genitive शाकस्य (śākasya) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकानाम् (śākānām)
locative शाके (śāke) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकेषु (śākeṣu)
vocative शाक (śāka) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकाः (śākāḥ)
शाकासः¹ (śākāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic
Neuter a-stem declension of शाक
singular dual plural
nominative शाकम् (śākam) शाके (śāke) शाकानि (śākāni)
शाका¹ (śākā¹)
accusative शाकम् (śākam) शाके (śāke) शाकानि (śākāni)
शाका¹ (śākā¹)
instrumental शाकेन (śākena) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकैः (śākaiḥ)
शाकेभिः¹ (śākebhiḥ¹)
dative शाकाय (śākāya) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
ablative शाकात् (śākāt) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
genitive शाकस्य (śākasya) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकानाम् (śākānām)
locative शाके (śāke) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकेषु (śākeṣu)
vocative शाक (śāka) शाके (śāke) शाकानि (śākāni)
शाका¹ (śākā¹)
  • ¹Vedic
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

Probably borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil தேக்கு (tēkku), Malayalam തേക്ക് (tēkkŭ), and Telugu టేకు (ṭēku).

Noun

शाक • (śāka) stem, m

  1. the teak tree, Tectona grandis
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of शाक
singular dual plural
nominative शाकः (śākaḥ) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकाः (śākāḥ)
शाकासः¹ (śākāsaḥ¹)
accusative शाकम् (śākam) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकान् (śākān)
instrumental शाकेन (śākena) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकैः (śākaiḥ)
शाकेभिः¹ (śākebhiḥ¹)
dative शाकाय (śākāya) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
ablative शाकात् (śākāt) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
genitive शाकस्य (śākasya) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकानाम् (śākānām)
locative शाके (śāke) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकेषु (śākeṣu)
vocative शाक (śāka) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकाः (śākāḥ)
शाकासः¹ (śākāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Etymology 3

From शक् (śak, “to be able”).

Noun

शाक • (śāka) stem, m

  1. power, might, help, aid
  2. helpful, a helper, friend
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of शाक
singular dual plural
nominative शाकः (śākaḥ) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकाः (śākāḥ)
शाकासः¹ (śākāsaḥ¹)
accusative शाकम् (śākam) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकान् (śākān)
instrumental शाकेन (śākena) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकैः (śākaiḥ)
शाकेभिः¹ (śākebhiḥ¹)
dative शाकाय (śākāya) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
ablative शाकात् (śākāt) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
genitive शाकस्य (śākasya) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकानाम् (śākānām)
locative शाके (śāke) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकेषु (śākeṣu)
vocative शाक (śāka) शाकौ (śākau)
शाका¹ (śākā¹) 		शाकाः (śākāḥ)
शाकासः¹ (śākāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Etymology 4

    Proper noun

    शाक • (śāka) stem, m

    1. Alternative form of शक (śaka, “the Saka people; related to the Shaka era”)
    Declension
    Masculine a-stem declension of शाक
    singular dual plural
    nominative शाकः (śākaḥ) शाकौ (śākau)
    शाका¹ (śākā¹)     		शाकाः (śākāḥ)
    शाकासः¹ (śākāsaḥ¹)
    accusative शाकम् (śākam) शाकौ (śākau)
    शाका¹ (śākā¹)     		शाकान् (śākān)
    instrumental शाकेन (śākena) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकैः (śākaiḥ)
    शाकेभिः¹ (śākebhiḥ¹)
    dative शाकाय (śākāya) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
    ablative शाकात् (śākāt) शाकाभ्याम् (śākābhyām) शाकेभ्यः (śākebhyaḥ)
    genitive शाकस्य (śākasya) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकानाम् (śākānām)
    locative शाके (śāke) शाकयोः (śākayoḥ) शाकेषु (śākeṣu)
    vocative शाक (śāka) शाकौ (śākau)
    शाका¹ (śākā¹)     		शाकाः (śākāḥ)
    शाकासः¹ (śākāsaḥ¹)
    • ¹Vedic

    References

    • Monier Williams (1899) “शाक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 1061/2-3.
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 628
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 320-321
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