शाखा

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See also: शंख and शिखा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शाखा (śā́khā).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʃɑː.kʰɑː/,

Noun

शाखा (śākhāf

  1. branch, field of study
    ज्यामिति गणित की एक शाखा है।
    jyāmiti gaṇit kī ek śākhā hai.
    Geometry is but one branch of mathematics.
  2. sect, school; shakha
  3. tributary (of a river)
    Synonyms: उपनदी (upandī), सहायक नदी (sahāyak nadī)
  4. branch (of a business)

Declension

References

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śā́kʰaH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćā́kʰaH, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱókh₂eh₂ (branch). Cognate with Persian شاخ (šâx, branch), Old Armenian ցախ (cʻax, branch, twig), Lithuanian šakà (branch), Gothic 𐌷𐍉𐌷𐌰 (hōha, plough), Old East Slavic соха (soxa, stake, club, brace, plough), Old Irish géc (branch).

Pronunciation

Noun

शाखा (śā́khā) stemf

  1. branch (literally and figuratively)
    • RV 7.43.1
      पर वो यज्ञेषु देवयन्तो अर्चन दयावा नमोभिः परिथिवी इषध्यै |
      येषां बरह्माण्यसमानि विप्रा विष्वग वियन्ति वनिनो न शाखाः ||
      pra vo yajñeṣu devayanto arcan dyāvā namobhiḥ prithivī iṣadhyai |
      yeṣāṃ brahmāṇyasamāni viprā viṣvagh viyanti vanino na śākhāḥ ||
      SING out the pious at your sacrifices to move with adorations Earth and Heaven-
      The Holy Singers, whose unmatched devotions, like a tree's branches, part in all directions.
  2. shakha: a branch or school of the Veda (each school adhering to its own traditional text and interpretation)
  3. plant products - Śāka (sa: शाक):— “plant products”, "vegetables" viz. greens, root, fruit, leaf, flower, etc term used throughout Ayurvedic literature.
  4. a vegetarian - Shakahari (sa:शाकाहारी). Śākāhāra (sa: शाकाहार), Śākāhārī (sa:शाकाहारी).
  5. teak tree - Shakavriksha, Śākavṛkṣa, Shaka-vriksha (sa: Śākavṛkṣa, शाकवृक्ष) - the teak tree, compound consisting of the terms śāka(शाक) and vṛkṣa (वृक्ष). Śākavṛkṣa (शाकवृक्ष):— (kṣaḥ) 1. m. The teak tree.
  6. a carpenter - Takṣaka (sa:तक्षक) refers to the “carpenter” in Vastu Shastra architecture manuals.
  7. a limb of the body, arm or leg
  8. finger
  9. the surface of the body
  10. a door-post (compare द्वारशाखा (dvāra-śākhā))
  11. the wing of a building
  12. division, subdivision
  13. the third part of an astrological संहिता (saṃhitā) (also शाखास्कन्ध (śākhā-skandha), m.)
  14. a branch of any science

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of शाखा (śā́khā)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शाखा
śā́khā
शाखे
śā́khe
शाखाः
śā́khāḥ
Vocative शाखे
śā́khe
शाखे
śā́khe
शाखाः
śā́khāḥ
Accusative शाखाम्
śā́khām
शाखे
śā́khe
शाखाः
śā́khāḥ
Instrumental शाखया / शाखा¹
śā́khayā / śā́khā¹
शाखाभ्याम्
śā́khābhyām
शाखाभिः
śā́khābhiḥ
Dative शाखायै
śā́khāyai
शाखाभ्याम्
śā́khābhyām
शाखाभ्यः
śā́khābhyaḥ
Ablative शाखायाः / शाखायै²
śā́khāyāḥ / śā́khāyai²
शाखाभ्याम्
śā́khābhyām
शाखाभ्यः
śā́khābhyaḥ
Genitive शाखायाः / शाखायै²
śā́khāyāḥ / śā́khāyai²
शाखयोः
śā́khayoḥ
शाखानाम्
śā́khānām
Locative शाखायाम्
śā́khāyām
शाखयोः
śā́khayoḥ
शाखासु
śā́khāsu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “शाखा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1062, column 3.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 628