शिथिल

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

An Old Indo-Aryan corruption of an earlier *śṛthilá. Compare the dialectal variant शिथिर (śithirá), Pali saṭhila, Prakrit 𑀲𑀠𑀺𑀮 (saḍhila), 𑀲𑀺𑀠𑀺𑀮 (siḍhila). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥th₂-ró-s,[1] from *ḱreth₂-. Compare Old English hreddan.

Pronunciation

Adjective

शिथिल (śithilá) stem

  1. loose, slack, lax, relaxed, untied, flaccid, not rigid or compact
    • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) VI.5.10.3:
      तद्यद्वै य॒ज्ञस्य॒ साम्ना॒ यजु॑षा क्रि॒यते॑ शिथि॒लं तद्यदृ॒चा तद्दृ॒ढम्...
      tádyádvaí yajñásya sā́mnā yájuṣā kriyáte śithiláṃ tádyádṛcā́ táddṛḍhám...
      Whatever of the ritual worship is accompanied by a Saman or Yajus, is loose; whatever by a Rc is firm...

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शिथिल (śithilá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शिथिलः
śithiláḥ
शिथिलौ / शिथिला¹
śithilaú / śithilā́¹
शिथिलाः / शिथिलासः¹
śithilā́ḥ / śithilā́saḥ¹
Vocative शिथिल
śíthila
शिथिलौ / शिथिला¹
śíthilau / śíthilā¹
शिथिलाः / शिथिलासः¹
śíthilāḥ / śíthilāsaḥ¹
Accusative शिथिलम्
śithilám
शिथिलौ / शिथिला¹
śithilaú / śithilā́¹
शिथिलान्
śithilā́n
Instrumental शिथिलेन
śithiléna
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलैः / शिथिलेभिः¹
śithilaíḥ / śithilébhiḥ¹
Dative शिथिलाय
śithilā́ya
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलेभ्यः
śithilébhyaḥ
Ablative शिथिलात्
śithilā́t
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलेभ्यः
śithilébhyaḥ
Genitive शिथिलस्य
śithilásya
शिथिलयोः
śithiláyoḥ
शिथिलानाम्
śithilā́nām
Locative शिथिले
śithilé
शिथिलयोः
śithiláyoḥ
शिथिलेषु
śithiléṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of शिथिला (śithilā́)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शिथिला
śithilā́
शिथिले
śithilé
शिथिलाः
śithilā́ḥ
Vocative शिथिले
śíthile
शिथिले
śíthile
शिथिलाः
śíthilāḥ
Accusative शिथिलाम्
śithilā́m
शिथिले
śithilé
शिथिलाः
śithilā́ḥ
Instrumental शिथिलया / शिथिला¹
śithiláyā / śithilā́¹
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलाभिः
śithilā́bhiḥ
Dative शिथिलायै
śithilā́yai
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलाभ्यः
śithilā́bhyaḥ
Ablative शिथिलायाः / शिथिलायै²
śithilā́yāḥ / śithilā́yai²
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलाभ्यः
śithilā́bhyaḥ
Genitive शिथिलायाः / शिथिलायै²
śithilā́yāḥ / śithilā́yai²
शिथिलयोः
śithiláyoḥ
शिथिलानाम्
śithilā́nām
Locative शिथिलायाम्
śithilā́yām
शिथिलयोः
śithiláyoḥ
शिथिलासु
śithilā́su
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of शिथिल (śithilá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शिथिलम्
śithilám
शिथिले
śithilé
शिथिलानि / शिथिला¹
śithilā́ni / śithilā́¹
Vocative शिथिल
śíthila
शिथिले
śíthile
शिथिलानि / शिथिला¹
śíthilāni / śíthilā¹
Accusative शिथिलम्
śithilám
शिथिले
śithilé
शिथिलानि / शिथिला¹
śithilā́ni / śithilā́¹
Instrumental शिथिलेन
śithiléna
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलैः / शिथिलेभिः¹
śithilaíḥ / śithilébhiḥ¹
Dative शिथिलाय
śithilā́ya
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलेभ्यः
śithilébhyaḥ
Ablative शिथिलात्
śithilā́t
शिथिलाभ्याम्
śithilā́bhyām
शिथिलेभ्यः
śithilébhyaḥ
Genitive शिथिलस्य
śithilásya
शिथिलयोः
śithiláyoḥ
शिथिलानाम्
śithilā́nām
Locative शिथिले
śithilé
शिथिलयोः
śithiláyoḥ
शिथिलेषु
śithiléṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Pali: sithila
  • Telugu: శిథిలము (śithilamu)

Noun

शिथिल (śithila) stemn

  1. a loose fastening, looseness, laxity, slowness

References

  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “ŚRATH¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 663