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From Proto-Indo-Aryan*śíśHuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian*ćíćHuš, from Proto-Indo-European*ḱiḱh₁-ú-s, a derivative of *ḱewh₁-(“to swell, to be strong”). Compare also शाव(śāva), with the same meaning and origin; perhaps the sense of "strength" later changed to mean "growth", and even later to mean the "young" (since they continue to grow to maturity).
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “śíśu-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 641: “*ḱi-ḱuh₁-”