शुष्क

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Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शुष्क (śúṣka). Doublet of सूखा (sūkhā).

Pronunciation

Adjective

शुष्क (śuṣk) (indeclinable)

  1. dry, shrivelled; arid
    Synonym: सूखा (sūkhā)
  2. dull, uninteresting
    उसको जीवन शुष्क लगने लगा है।
    usko jīvan śuṣk lagne lagā hai.
    Life has become dull for him.

References

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsúškas (dry), derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews- (to be dry).

    Related to the root शुष् (śuṣ), and cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬱𐬐𐬀 (huška, dry), Persian خشک (xošk, dry), Russian суши́ть (sušítʹ, to dry), Lithuanian saũsinti, Old English sēarian (whence English sear).

    Pronunciation

    Adjective

    शुष्क॑ (śúṣka) stem

    1. dried, dried up, dry, arid, parched, shrivelled, emaciated, shrunk, withered
      • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.18.10:
        अग्निर्न शुष्कं वनमिन्द्र हेती रक्षो नि धक्ष्यशनिर्न भीमा ।
        agnirna śuṣkaṃ vanamindra hetī rakṣo ni dhakṣyaśanirna bhīmā.
        As Agni burns down the dry forest like a dart, burn down the demons like a missile, O Indra.
    2. useless, fruitless, groundless, vain, unprofitable, empty
    3. mere, simple

    Declension

    Masculine a-stem declension of शुष्क (śúṣka)
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative शुष्कः
    śúṣkaḥ
    शुष्कौ / शुष्का¹
    śúṣkau / śúṣkā¹
    शुष्काः / शुष्कासः¹
    śúṣkāḥ / śúṣkāsaḥ¹
    Vocative शुष्क
    śúṣka
    शुष्कौ / शुष्का¹
    śúṣkau / śúṣkā¹
    शुष्काः / शुष्कासः¹
    śúṣkāḥ / śúṣkāsaḥ¹
    Accusative शुष्कम्
    śúṣkam
    शुष्कौ / शुष्का¹
    śúṣkau / śúṣkā¹
    शुष्कान्
    śúṣkān
    Instrumental शुष्केण
    śúṣkeṇa
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्कैः / शुष्केभिः¹
    śúṣkaiḥ / śúṣkebhiḥ¹
    Dative शुष्काय
    śúṣkāya
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्केभ्यः
    śúṣkebhyaḥ
    Ablative शुष्कात्
    śúṣkāt
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्केभ्यः
    śúṣkebhyaḥ
    Genitive शुष्कस्य
    śúṣkasya
    शुष्कयोः
    śúṣkayoḥ
    शुष्काणाम्
    śúṣkāṇām
    Locative शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्कयोः
    śúṣkayoḥ
    शुष्केषु
    śúṣkeṣu
    Notes
    • ¹Vedic
    Feminine ā-stem declension of शुष्का (śúṣkā)
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative शुष्का
    śúṣkā
    शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्काः
    śúṣkāḥ
    Vocative शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्काः
    śúṣkāḥ
    Accusative शुष्काम्
    śúṣkām
    शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्काः
    śúṣkāḥ
    Instrumental शुष्कया / शुष्का¹
    śúṣkayā / śúṣkā¹
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्काभिः
    śúṣkābhiḥ
    Dative शुष्कायै
    śúṣkāyai
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्काभ्यः
    śúṣkābhyaḥ
    Ablative शुष्कायाः / शुष्कायै²
    śúṣkāyāḥ / śúṣkāyai²
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्काभ्यः
    śúṣkābhyaḥ
    Genitive शुष्कायाः / शुष्कायै²
    śúṣkāyāḥ / śúṣkāyai²
    शुष्कयोः
    śúṣkayoḥ
    शुष्काणाम्
    śúṣkāṇām
    Locative शुष्कायाम्
    śúṣkāyām
    शुष्कयोः
    śúṣkayoḥ
    शुष्कासु
    śúṣkāsu
    Notes
    • ¹Vedic
    • ²Brāhmaṇas
    Neuter a-stem declension of शुष्क (śúṣka)
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative शुष्कम्
    śúṣkam
    शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्काणि / शुष्का¹
    śúṣkāṇi / śúṣkā¹
    Vocative शुष्क
    śúṣka
    शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्काणि / शुष्का¹
    śúṣkāṇi / śúṣkā¹
    Accusative शुष्कम्
    śúṣkam
    शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्काणि / शुष्का¹
    śúṣkāṇi / śúṣkā¹
    Instrumental शुष्केण
    śúṣkeṇa
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्कैः / शुष्केभिः¹
    śúṣkaiḥ / śúṣkebhiḥ¹
    Dative शुष्काय
    śúṣkāya
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्केभ्यः
    śúṣkebhyaḥ
    Ablative शुष्कात्
    śúṣkāt
    शुष्काभ्याम्
    śúṣkābhyām
    शुष्केभ्यः
    śúṣkebhyaḥ
    Genitive शुष्कस्य
    śúṣkasya
    शुष्कयोः
    śúṣkayoḥ
    शुष्काणाम्
    śúṣkāṇām
    Locative शुष्के
    śúṣke
    शुष्कयोः
    śúṣkayoḥ
    शुष्केषु
    śúṣkeṣu
    Notes
    • ¹Vedic

    Descendants

    • Pali: sukkha
    • Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sukkha) (see there for further descendants)

    References

    • Monier Williams (1899) “शुष्क”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1084/3.
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 648-9