श्याव

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHwás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-wó-s (dark; deep brown). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (siiāuua), Persian سیاه (siyâh, black), Russian сивый (sivyj, grey), Lithuanian šývas (light grey), Old English hīew (whence English hue).

Pronunciation

Adjective

श्याव (śyāvá) stem

  1. dark
  2. dark brown, (deep) brown, dark-colored
  3. (said of chariots, Vedic) drawn by brown or bay horses
  4. pungent and sweet and sour

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of श्याव (śyāvá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative श्यावः
śyāváḥ
श्यावौ / श्यावा¹
śyāvaú / śyāvā́¹
श्यावाः / श्यावासः¹
śyāvā́ḥ / śyāvā́saḥ¹
Vocative श्याव
śyā́va
श्यावौ / श्यावा¹
śyā́vau / śyā́vā¹
श्यावाः / श्यावासः¹
śyā́vāḥ / śyā́vāsaḥ¹
Accusative श्यावम्
śyāvám
श्यावौ / श्यावा¹
śyāvaú / śyāvā́¹
श्यावान्
śyāvā́n
Instrumental श्यावेन
śyāvéna
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावैः / श्यावेभिः¹
śyāvaíḥ / śyāvébhiḥ¹
Dative श्यावाय
śyāvā́ya
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावेभ्यः
śyāvébhyaḥ
Ablative श्यावात्
śyāvā́t
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावेभ्यः
śyāvébhyaḥ
Genitive श्यावस्य
śyāvásya
श्यावयोः
śyāváyoḥ
श्यावानाम्
śyāvā́nām
Locative श्यावे
śyāvé
श्यावयोः
śyāváyoḥ
श्यावेषु
śyāvéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ā-stem declension of श्यावा (śyāvā́)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative श्यावा
śyāvā́
श्यावे
śyāvé
श्यावाः
śyāvā́ḥ
Vocative श्यावे
śyā́ve
श्यावे
śyā́ve
श्यावाः
śyā́vāḥ
Accusative श्यावाम्
śyāvā́m
श्यावे
śyāvé
श्यावाः
śyāvā́ḥ
Instrumental श्यावया / श्यावा¹
śyāváyā / śyāvā́¹
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावाभिः
śyāvā́bhiḥ
Dative श्यावायै
śyāvā́yai
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावाभ्यः
śyāvā́bhyaḥ
Ablative श्यावायाः / श्यावायै²
śyāvā́yāḥ / śyāvā́yai²
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावाभ्यः
śyāvā́bhyaḥ
Genitive श्यावायाः / श्यावायै²
śyāvā́yāḥ / śyāvā́yai²
श्यावयोः
śyāváyoḥ
श्यावानाम्
śyāvā́nām
Locative श्यावायाम्
śyāvā́yām
श्यावयोः
śyāváyoḥ
श्यावासु
śyāvā́su
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter a-stem declension of श्याव (śyāvá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative श्यावम्
śyāvám
श्यावे
śyāvé
श्यावानि / श्यावा¹
śyāvā́ni / śyāvā́¹
Vocative श्याव
śyā́va
श्यावे
śyā́ve
श्यावानि / श्यावा¹
śyā́vāni / śyā́vā¹
Accusative श्यावम्
śyāvám
श्यावे
śyāvé
श्यावानि / श्यावा¹
śyāvā́ni / śyāvā́¹
Instrumental श्यावेन
śyāvéna
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावैः / श्यावेभिः¹
śyāvaíḥ / śyāvébhiḥ¹
Dative श्यावाय
śyāvā́ya
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावेभ्यः
śyāvébhyaḥ
Ablative श्यावात्
śyāvā́t
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvā́bhyām
श्यावेभ्यः
śyāvébhyaḥ
Genitive श्यावस्य
śyāvásya
श्यावयोः
śyāváyoḥ
श्यावानाम्
śyāvā́nām
Locative श्यावे
śyāvé
श्यावयोः
śyāváyoḥ
श्यावेषु
śyāvéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

  • Dardic:
    • Khowar: ݰا (ṣa)
  • Ashokan Prakrit:

Noun

श्याव (śyāva) stemm

  1. a brown horse
  2. brown (the color)
  3. a particular disease of the outer ear
  4. pungent and sweet and sour taste

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of श्याव (śyāva)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative श्यावः
śyāvaḥ
श्यावौ / श्यावा¹
śyāvau / śyāvā¹
श्यावाः / श्यावासः¹
śyāvāḥ / śyāvāsaḥ¹
Vocative श्याव
śyāva
श्यावौ / श्यावा¹
śyāvau / śyāvā¹
श्यावाः / श्यावासः¹
śyāvāḥ / śyāvāsaḥ¹
Accusative श्यावम्
śyāvam
श्यावौ / श्यावा¹
śyāvau / śyāvā¹
श्यावान्
śyāvān
Instrumental श्यावेन
śyāvena
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvābhyām
श्यावैः / श्यावेभिः¹
śyāvaiḥ / śyāvebhiḥ¹
Dative श्यावाय
śyāvāya
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvābhyām
श्यावेभ्यः
śyāvebhyaḥ
Ablative श्यावात्
śyāvāt
श्यावाभ्याम्
śyāvābhyām
श्यावेभ्यः
śyāvebhyaḥ
Genitive श्यावस्य
śyāvasya
श्यावयोः
śyāvayoḥ
श्यावानाम्
śyāvānām
Locative श्यावे
śyāve
श्यावयोः
śyāvayoḥ
श्यावेषु
śyāveṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “श्याव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1095/1.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 661