सेना

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See also: सन, सुन, सानो, सीना, सूनु, सोना, and सोने

Hindi

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /seː.nɑː/,

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit सेना (sénā).

Noun

सेना • (senā) f (Urdu spelling سینا)

  1. army, military, body of troops
    Synonym: फ़ौज (fauj)
    शत्रु ने दोनों सेनाओं को हरा दिया।
    śatru ne donõ senāõ ko harā diyā.
    The enemy defeated both the armies.
Declension
Declension of सेना (fem ā-stem)
singular plural
direct सेना
senā 		सेनाएँ
senāẽ
oblique सेना
senā 		सेनाओं
senāõ
vocative सेना
senā 		सेनाओ
senāo
Synonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁆𑀡 (seṇṇa, “soldier, army”), from Sanskrit सैन्य (sainya, “soldier”), a vṛddhi derivative of सेना (senā, “army”), for which see the above entry.

Noun

सेना • (senā) m

  1. commander of a body of troops
  2. (historical) a village revenue-collector
Declension
Declension of सेना (masc ā-stem)
singular plural
direct सेना
senā 		सेने
sene
oblique सेने
sene 		सेनों
senõ
vocative सेने
sene 		सेनो
seno

References

  • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “सेना”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Marathi

Marathi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia mr

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सेना (sénā).

Noun

सेना • (senā) f

  1. army

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Noun

सेना f

  1. Devanagari script form of senā (“army”)

Declension

Declension table of "सेना" (feminine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)सेना (senā)सेनायो (senāyo) or सेना (senā)
Accusative (second)सेनं (senaṃ)सेनायो (senāyo) or सेना (senā)
Instrumental (third)सेनाय (senāya)सेनाहि (senāhi) or सेनाभि (senābhi)
Dative (fourth)सेनाय (senāya)सेनानं (senānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)सेनाय (senāya)सेनाहि (senāhi) or सेनाभि (senābhi)
Genitive (sixth)सेनाय (senāya)सेनानं (senānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)सेनाय (senāya) or सेनायं (senāyaṃ)सेनासु (senāsu)
Vocative (calling)सेने (sene)सेनायो (senāyo) or सेना (senā)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

  • सेन (sena) — at the end of a compound

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáynaH (“army”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬁 (haēnā, “hostile army”), Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎴𐎠 (h-i-n-a /⁠hainā⁠/, “hostile army”).

Pronunciation

Noun

सेना • (sénā) stem, f

  1. an army, armament, battle-array, armed force
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.11:
      मृळा जरित्रे रुद्र स्तवानोऽन्यं ते अस्मन्नि वपन्तु सेनाः ॥
      mṛḷā jaritre rudra stavānoʼnyaṃ te asmanni vapantu senāḥ.
      O exalted Rudra, be gracious to the singer of thy hymns; let thy armies spare us and smite down someone else.
  2. missile, dart, spear
  3. name of Indra's wife (or his thunderbolt so personified)
  4. any drilled troop or band or body of men (Bālar.)
  5. a kind of title or addition to the names of persons (also names of courtezans) (Sāh.; compare Pāṇ. 4-1, 152 etc.)
  6. name of a courtesan (abridged from कुबेरसेना (kubera-senā)) (HPariś.)

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of सेना (sénā)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative सेना
sénā 		सेने
séne 		सेनाः
sénāḥ
Vocative सेने
séne 		सेने
séne 		सेनाः
sénāḥ
Accusative सेनाम्
sénām 		सेने
séne 		सेनाः
sénāḥ
Instrumental सेनया / सेना¹
sénayā / sénā¹ 		सेनाभ्याम्
sénābhyām 		सेनाभिः
sénābhiḥ
Dative सेनायै
sénāyai 		सेनाभ्याम्
sénābhyām 		सेनाभ्यः
sénābhyaḥ
Ablative सेनायाः / सेनायै²
sénāyāḥ / sénāyai² 		सेनाभ्याम्
sénābhyām 		सेनाभ्यः
sénābhyaḥ
Genitive सेनायाः / सेनायै²
sénāyāḥ / sénāyai² 		सेनयोः
sénayoḥ 		सेनानाम्
sénānām
Locative सेनायाम्
sénāyām 		सेनयोः
sénayoḥ 		सेनासु
sénāsu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “सेना”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1246.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “sénā- sebhu-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 746
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