स्याल

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Sanskrit

Alternative forms

श्याल (śyāla)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

স্যাল (Assamese script)
ᬲ᭄ᬬᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
স্যাল (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰿𑰧𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
သျာလ (Burmese script)
સ્યાલ (Gujarati script)
ਸ੍ਯਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑍍𑌯𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦾꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂹𑂨𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
ಸ್ಯಾಲ (Kannada script)
ស្យាល (Khmer script)
ສ຺ຍາລ (Lao script)
സ്യാല (Malayalam script)
ᠰᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
ᠰᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑧠𑧇𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
ସ୍ଯାଲ (Odia script)
ꢱ꣄ꢫꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑇀𑆪𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖿𑖧𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
ස්‍යාල (Sinhalese script)
𑪁 𑪙𑩻𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
ஸ்யால (Tamil script)
స్యాల (Telugu script)
สฺยาล (Thai script)
སྱཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑩇𑨪𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Origin debated. Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *syo(w)ros and cognate with Old Armenian հոր (hor, “son-in-law, daughter’s husband”), Old East Slavic шурь (šurĭ), Old Church Slavonic шуринъ (šurinŭ, “brother-in-law, wife’s brother”), Russian шурин (šurin)).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /sjɑː.lɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪jɑː.l̪ɐ/

Noun

स्याल • (syāla) stem, m

a man's brother-in-law, wife's brother

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of स्याल (syāla)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	स्यालः syālaḥ	स्यालौ / स्याला¹ syālau / syālā¹	स्यालाः / स्यालासः¹ syālāḥ / syālāsaḥ¹
Vocative	स्याल syāla	स्यालौ / स्याला¹ syālau / syālā¹	स्यालाः / स्यालासः¹ syālāḥ / syālāsaḥ¹
Accusative	स्यालम् syālam	स्यालौ / स्याला¹ syālau / syālā¹	स्यालान् syālān
Instrumental	स्यालेन syālena	स्यालाभ्याम् syālābhyām	स्यालैः / स्यालेभिः¹ syālaiḥ / syālebhiḥ¹
Dative	स्यालाय syālāya	स्यालाभ्याम् syālābhyām	स्यालेभ्यः syālebhyaḥ
Ablative	स्यालात् syālāt	स्यालाभ्याम् syālābhyām	स्यालेभ्यः syālebhyaḥ
Genitive	स्यालस्य syālasya	स्यालयोः syālayoḥ	स्यालानाम् syālānām
Locative	स्याले syāle	स्यालयोः syālayoḥ	स्यालेषु syāleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: sāl
  Arabic script: سال
  
  Devanagari script: साल्
Pali: sālaka
Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀮 (sāla)
- Central:
  - Awadhi: सार (sār)
  - Hindustani: sālā
    - Hindi: साला
    - Urdu: سالا
  - Romani: salo
- Eastern:
  - Assamese: শাল (xal)
  - Bengali: শালা (śala), শালি (śali), হালি (hali)
  - Bihari:
    - Bhojpuri: सार (sār)
    - Maithili: सार (sār)
  - Odia: ସାଳା (sāḷā), ସାଳି (sāḷi)
- Northern:
  - Central Pahari:
    - Kumaoni: शौ (śau), शई (śaī)
  - Eastern Pahari:
    - Nepali: सालो (sālo), सालि (sāli), साला (sālā)
  - Western Pahari:
    - Bhadrawahi: साइ (sāi), सालाभै (sālābhai)
- Northwestern:
  - Punjabi: sālā
    Gurmukhi script: ਸਾਲਾ
    Shahmukhi script: سالا
  - Sindhi: sālo, sālī
    Arabic script: سالو, سالِی
    Devanagari script: सालो, साली
- Southern:
  - Marathi: साळा (sāḷā), साळी (sāḷī)
- Western:
  - Gujarati: સાળો (sāḷo), સાળી (sāḷī)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “syāla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

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