Inherited from Sanskrit খৰ (khara, “hard; sharp; pungent”), from late Proto-Indo-European/substrate root *kar (“stone, hard”). Cognate with Bengali খরা (khora), Odia ଖରା (kharā), Gujarati ખરું (kharũ), Hindustani کَھرَا (kharā) / खरा (kharā), Punjabi ਖਰਾ (kharā) / کَھرا (kharā), Sindhi کرو / खरो, Marathi खरे (khare).
খৰ • (khor)
খৰ • (khor)
| Affirmative (+) | Negative (-) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Stem | খৰ khor |
নখৰ nokhor | |
| Gerund, Past participle, Agentive | খৰা khora |
নখৰা nokhora | |
| Conjugative | খৰি khori |
নখৰি nokhori | |
| Infinitive | খৰিব khoribo |
নখৰিব nokhoribo | |
| Genitive infinitive | খৰিবৰ khoribor |
নখৰিবৰ nokhoribor | |
| Goal | খৰিবলৈ khoriboloi |
নখৰিবলৈ nokhoriboloi | |
| Terminative | খৰিবলৈকে khoriboloike |
নখৰিবলৈকে nokhoriboloike | |
| Future passive participle | খৰিবলগা / খৰিবলগীয়া khoribologa / khoribologia |
নখৰিবলগা / নখৰিবলগীয়া nokhoribologa / nokhoribologia | |
| Agentive (emphatic) | (♂) | খৰোঁতা khorü̃ta |
নখৰোঁতা nokhorü̃ta |
| ♀ | খৰঁতী khorõti |
নখৰঁতী nokhorõti | |
| Contingent | খৰোঁতে khorü͂te |
নখৰোঁতে nokhorü͂te | |
| Progressive participle | খৰোঁতে খৰোঁতে khorü͂te khorü͂te |
নখৰোঁতে নখৰোঁতে nokhorü͂te nokhorü͂te | |
| Reason | খৰাত khorat |
নখৰাত nokhorat | |
| Past conditional | খৰিলত khorilot |
নখৰিলত nokhorilot | |
| Future conditional | খৰিলে khorile |
নখৰিলে nokhorile | |
| Perfect participle | খৰি khori |
নখৰি nokhori | |
| Habitual participle | খৰি খৰি khori khori |
নখৰি নখৰি nokhori nokhori | |
| Person | First person | Second person | Third person | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Non honorific | ||||
| Singular | মই moi |
তই toi |
তুমি tumi |
আপুনি apuni |
তেওঁ etc teü͂ |
সি ♂, তাই ♀ etc xi ♂, tai ♀ | |
| Plural | i | আমি ami |
তহঁত tohõt |
তোমালোক tümalük |
আপোনালোক apünalük |
তেওঁলোক teü͂lük |
সিহঁত etc xihõt |
| t | তহঁতে tohõte |
তোমালোকে tümalüke |
আপোনালোকে apünalüke |
তেওঁলোকে teü͂lüke |
সিহঁতে etc xihõte | ||
| Present | |||||||
| Indefinite | + | খৰোঁ khorü͂ |
খৰ khoro |
খৰা khora |
খৰে khore | ||
| - | নখৰোঁ nokhorü͂ |
নখৰ nokhoro |
নখৰা nokhora |
নখৰে nokhore | |||
| Imperfective | + | খৰিছোঁ khorisü͂ |
খৰিছ khoriso |
খৰিছা khorisa |
খৰিছে khorise | ||
| - | Imperfective | ||||||
| খৰা নাই khora nai | |||||||
| "not about to" (usage is not common) | |||||||
| নখৰিছোঁ nokhorisü͂ |
নখৰিছ nokhoriso |
নখৰিছা nokhorisa |
নখৰিছে nokhorise | ||||
| Continuous | + | খৰি আছোঁ khori asü͂ |
খৰি আছ khori aso |
খৰি আছা khori asa |
খৰি আছে khori ase | ||
| - | খৰি থকা নাই khori thoka nai | ||||||
| Past | |||||||
| Simple | + | খৰিলোঁ khorilü͂ |
খৰিলি khorili |
খৰিলা khorila |
খৰিলে khorile | ||
| - | নখৰিলোঁ nokhorilü͂ |
নখৰিলি nokhorili |
নখৰিলা nokhorila |
নখৰিলে nokhorile | |||
| Imperfective | + | খৰিছিলোঁ khorisilü͂ |
খৰিছিলি khorisili |
খৰিছিলা khorisila |
খৰিছিলে khorisile | ||
| - | Imperfective | ||||||
| খৰা নাছিলোঁ khora nasilü͂ |
খৰা নাছিলি khora nasili |
খৰা নাছিলা khora nasila |
খৰা নাছিলে khora nasile | ||||
| Habitual | |||||||
| নখৰিছিলোঁ nokhorisilü͂ |
নখৰিছিলি nokhorisili |
নখৰিছিলা nokhorisila |
নখৰিছিলে nokhorisile | ||||
| Continuous | + | খৰি আছিলোঁ khori asilü͂ |
খৰি আছিলি khori asili |
খৰি আছিলা khori asila |
খৰি আছিলে khori asile | ||
| - | খৰি থকা নাছিলোঁ khori thoka nasilü͂ |
খৰি থকা নাছিলি khori thoka nasili |
খৰি থকা নাছিলা khori thoka nasila |
খৰি থকা নাছিলে khori thoka nasile | |||
| Future | |||||||
| Indicative | + | খৰিম khorim |
খৰিবি khoribi |
খৰিবা khoriba |
খৰিব khoribo | ||
| - | Indicative | ||||||
| নখৰোঁ nokhorü͂ |
নখৰ nokhoro |
নখৰা nokhora |
নখৰে nokhore | ||||
| "Perhaps" | |||||||
| নখৰিম nokhorim |
নখৰিবি nokhoribi |
নখৰিবা nokhoriba |
নখৰিব nokhoribo | ||||
| Continuous | + | খৰি থাকিম khori thakim |
খৰি থাকিবি khori thakibi |
খৰি থাকিবা khori thakiba |
খৰি থাকিব khori thakibo | ||
| - | |||||||
| Indicative | |||||||
| খৰি নাথাকোঁ khori nathakü̃ |
খৰি নাথাক khori nathako |
খৰি নাথাকা khori nathaka |
খৰি নাথাকে khori nathake | ||||
| "Perhaps" | |||||||
| খৰি নাথাকিম khori nathakim |
খৰি নাথাকিবি khori nathakibi |
খৰি নাথাকিবা khori nathakiba |
খৰি নাথাকিব khori nathakibo | ||||
| Others | |||||||
| Imperative | + | খৰোঁ khorü͂ |
খৰ khor |
খৰা khora |
খৰক khorok | ||
| - | — | নখৰিবি nokhoribi |
নখৰিবা nokhoriba |
নখৰিব nokhoribo | |||
| ❋ Note 1: i = for intransitive verbs, t = for transitive verbs. The suffix -এ (-e) marks ergative case. | |||||||
| ❋ Note 2: Sometimes -হঁক (-hõk) or less commonly -হঁত (-hõt) suffix is used for plural pronouns, like আমি কৰোহঁক (ami korühõk), আপোনালোক আহিলেহঁক (apünalük ahilehõk) etc. | |||||||
| ❋ Note 3: For intransitive verbs like যোৱা (züa, “to go”) the 3rd person suffix -এ (-e) in simple past tense is not used, like সি গ’ল (xi göl), not সি গ’লে (xi göle). | |||||||
| ❋ Note 4: Other 3rd person pronouns have the same conjugation. Click here to see other personal pronouns. | |||||||