ఉండు

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See also: ఉండ

Telugu

Etymology

From Proto-Dravidian *uḷ. Compare Tamil உள் (uḷ), உண்டு (uṇṭu), Malayalam ഉണ്ട് (uṇṭŭ).

Pronunciation

Verb

ఉండు • (uṇḍu) (causal ఉంచు)

  1. To be.
    వాడు అందంగా ఉన్నాడు.
    vāḍu andaṅgā unnāḍu.
    He is beautiful.
  2. To be alive.
    వాడు ఇంకా ఉన్నాడా?
    vāḍu iṅkā unnāḍā?
    Is he still alive?
  3. To reside, dwell.
    వారు హైదరాబాద్లో ఉంటారు.
    vāru haidarābādlō uṇṭāru.
    They live in Hyderabad.
  4. To stay, remain somewhere.
    అక్కడే ఉండు!
    akkaḍē uṇḍu!
    Stay there!

Usage notes

The usage of ఉండు (uṇḍu) does not map exactly to English to be. Telugu is a zero-copula language for sentences whose predicate is a noun, so the translation of the English sentence "My name is John" would not use ఉండు (uṇḍu). However, for sentences that in English have adjectives as predicates (like He is beautiful.), Telugu would treat the adjective as an adverb modifying ఉండు (uṇḍu), so that the sentence is predicate-less and consists of a subject and a verb phrase.

Conjugation

PAST TENSE singular plural
1st person: నేను (nēnu) / మేము (mēmu) ఉన్నాను
unnānu 		ఉన్నాము
unnāmu
2nd person: నీవు (nīvu) / మీరు (mīru) ఉన్నావు
unnāvu 		ఉన్నారు
unnāru
3rd person m: అతను (atanu) / వారు (vāru) ఉన్నాడు
unnāḍu 		ఉన్నారు
unnāru
3rd person f: ఆమె (āme) / వారు (vāru) ఉంది / ఉన్నది
undi / unnadi
3rd person n: అది (adi) / అవి (avi) ఉన్నారు
unnāru

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia