ขม
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Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Adjective
ขม
- Thai script form of khama (“patient”)
Declension
Declension table of "ขม" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | ขโม (khamo) | ขมา (khamā) |
| Accusative (second) | ขมํ (khamaṃ) | ขเม (khame) |
| Instrumental (third) | ขเมน (khamena) | ขเมหิ (khamehi) or ขเมภิ (khamebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | ขมสฺส (khamassa) or ขมาย (khamāya) or ขมตฺถํ (khamatthaṃ) | ขมานํ (khamānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | ขมสฺมา (khamasmā) or ขมมฺหา (khamamhā) or ขมา (khamā) | ขเมหิ (khamehi) or ขเมภิ (khamebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | ขมสฺส (khamassa) | ขมานํ (khamānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | ขมสฺมิํ (khamasmiṃ) or ขมมฺหิ (khamamhi) or ขเม (khame) | ขเมสุ (khamesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | ขม (khama) | ขมา (khamā) |
Declension table of "ขมา" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | ขมา (khamā) | ขมาโย (khamāyo) or ขมา (khamā) |
| Accusative (second) | ขมํ (khamaṃ) | ขมาโย (khamāyo) or ขมา (khamā) |
| Instrumental (third) | ขมาย (khamāya) | ขมาหิ (khamāhi) or ขมาภิ (khamābhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | ขมาย (khamāya) | ขมานํ (khamānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | ขมาย (khamāya) | ขมาหิ (khamāhi) or ขมาภิ (khamābhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | ขมาย (khamāya) | ขมานํ (khamānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | ขมาย (khamāya) or ขมายํ (khamāyaṃ) | ขมาสุ (khamāsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | ขเม (khame) | ขมาโย (khamāyo) or ขมา (khamā) |
Declension table of "ขม" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | ขมํ (khamaṃ) | ขมานิ (khamāni) |
| Accusative (second) | ขมํ (khamaṃ) | ขมานิ (khamāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | ขเมน (khamena) | ขเมหิ (khamehi) or ขเมภิ (khamebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | ขมสฺส (khamassa) or ขมาย (khamāya) or ขมตฺถํ (khamatthaṃ) | ขมานํ (khamānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | ขมสฺมา (khamasmā) or ขมมฺหา (khamamhā) or ขมา (khamā) | ขเมหิ (khamehi) or ขเมภิ (khamebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | ขมสฺส (khamassa) | ขมานํ (khamānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | ขมสฺมิํ (khamasmiṃ) or ขมมฺหิ (khamamhi) or ขเม (khame) | ขเมสุ (khamesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | ขม (khama) | ขมานิ (khamāni) |
Verb
ขม
- Thai script form of khama, which is second-person singular imperative active of ขมติ (khamati, “to forgive”)
Thai
Etymology
From Proto-Tai *C̬.qɤmᴬ (“bitter”). Cognate with Lao ຂົມ (khom), Lü ᦃᦳᧄ (ẋum), Tai Dam ꪶꪄꪣ, Shan ၶူမ် (khǔum), Ahom 𑜁𑜪𑜤 (khǔum), Zhuang haemz, Saek กฺั๊ม. Compare Proto-Be *kamᴬ², Proto-Hlai *C-ɦəːm (“bitter”).
Pronunciation
| Orthographic/Phonemic | ขม kʰ m | |
| Romanization | Paiboon | kǒm |
| Royal Institute | khom | |
| (standard) IPA(key) | /kʰom˩˩˦/(R) | |
Adjective
ขม • (kǒm) (abstract noun ความขม)
See also
| Basic tastes in Thai · รส หรือ รสชาติ (layout · text) | |||||
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| หวาน (wǎan) | เปรี้ยว (bprîao), ส้ม (sôm) |
เค็ม (kem) | ขม (kǒm) | เผ็ด (pèt) | อูมามิ (uu-maa-mí) |