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According to Benedict 1976 (Rhyming dictionary of Written Burmese), an Indo-Aryan borrowing (STEDT: phat "read audibly ( < Indic)"); compare Sanskritपठ्(paṭh, “to read”). An older theory by Luce compares the word to Old Chinese釆 (“to distinguish, discriminate”).[1]
The "dress cotton" sense is grouped with the "read" sense by MED, though it is unclear if it should be grouped.
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Not given etymology by STEDT (ə-phat "what remains of a thing after juice is extracted"), and not mentioned by Luce 1981.”
^ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-AT Finals (6. to Interpret, Read)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 47
Further reading
“ဘတ်” in The Judson Burmese–English Dictionary (Rangoon: American Baptist Mission Press 1921), page 720.