ორბი
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Georgian
Etymology
From Old Georgian ორბი (orbi, “eagle”).
Pronunciation
Noun
Inflection
| Declension of ორბი (see Georgian declension) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
| nominative | ორბი (orbi) | ორბები (orbebi) | ორბნი (orbni) |
| ergative | ორბმა (orbma) | ორბებმა (orbebma) | ორბთ(ა) (orbt(a)) |
| dative | ორბს(ა) (orbs(a)) | ორბებს(ა) (orbebs(a)) | ორბთ(ა) (orbt(a)) |
| genitive | ორბის(ა) (orbis(a)) | ორბების(ა) (orbebis(a)) | ორბთ(ა) (orbt(a)) |
| instrumental | ორბით(ა) (orbit(a)) | ორბებით(ა) (orbebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ორბად(ა) (orbad(a)) | ორბებად(ა) (orbebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ორბო (orbo) | ორბებო (orbebo) | ორბნო (orbno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
| Postpositional inflection of ორბი (see Georgian postpositions) | ||
|---|---|---|
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ორბზე (orbze) | ორბებზე (orbebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ორბთან (orbtan) | ორბებთან (orbebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ორბში (orbši) | ორბებში (orbebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ორბივით (orbivit) | ორბებივით (orbebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ორბისთვის (orbistvis) | ორბებისთვის (orbebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ორბისებრ (orbisebr) | ორბებისებრ (orbebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ორბისკენ (orbisḳen) | ორბებისკენ (orbebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ორბისგან (orbisgan) | ორბებისგან (orbebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | ორბისადმი (orbisadmi) | ორბებისადმი (orbebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ორბიდან (orbidan) | ორბებიდან (orbebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ორბითურთ (orbiturt) | ორბებითურთ (orbebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ორბამდე (orbamde) | ორბებამდე (orbebamde) |
Descendants
- → Mingrelian: ობრი (obri, “vulture”)
See also
Old Georgian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Kartvelian *orb- (“eagle”) and cognate with Svan უ̂ერბ (ûerb, “eagle”).[1][2][3]
This native word for "eagle" later shifted its meaning to "vulture", being displaced in the first sense by the Armenism არწივი (arc̣ivi).[4][5]
Noun
ორბი • (orbi)
Descendants
- Georgian: ორბი (orbi, “vulture”)
- → Mingrelian: ობრი (obri, “vulture”)
- → Proto-Abkhaz-Abaza: *wárba (“kite, eagle”)
References
- ^ Klimov, G. A. (1964) Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, page 150
- ^ Holst, Jan Henrik (2014) Sanische historische Lautlehre (in German), Aachen: Shaker Verlag, →ISBN, pages 63–64
- ^ Fähnrich, Heinz (2016) Die Kartwelier: Grundsprache, Kultur, Lebensraum (in German), Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, pages 109, 297
- ^ Klimov, G. A. (1993) “Еще одно свидетельство пребывания арийцев в Передней Азии [New evidence on the residence of the Aryans in Asia Minor]”, in Вопросы языкознания (in Russian), number 4, page 35, footnote 4 of 29–37
- ^ Rayfield, Donald (1996) “Georgian ornithonyms, with Armenian and Caucasian parallels”, in Annual of Armenian linguistics, volume 17, page 4 of 1–10
Further reading
- Abulaʒe, Ilia (1973) “ორბი”, in Ʒveli kartuli enis leksiḳoni (masalebi) [Dictionary of Old Georgian (Materials)] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, page 333