ძერა
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Georgian
Etymology
From Old Georgian ძერი (ʒeri) + -ა (-a), from Proto-Georgian-Zan *ʒ₁er-. Doublet of ჯაჯა (ǯaǯa).
Pronunciation
Noun
Inflection
| Declension of ძერა (see Georgian declension) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
| nominative | ძერა (ʒera) | ძერები (ʒerebi) | ძერანი (ʒerani) |
| ergative | ძერამ (ʒeram) | ძერებმა (ʒerebma) | ძერათ(ა) (ʒerat(a)) |
| dative | ძერას(ა) (ʒeras(a)) | ძერებს(ა) (ʒerebs(a)) | ძერათ(ა) (ʒerat(a)) |
| genitive | ძერის(ა) (ʒeris(a)) | ძერების(ა) (ʒerebis(a)) | ძერათ(ა) (ʒerat(a)) |
| instrumental | ძერით(ა) (ʒerit(a)) | ძერებით(ა) (ʒerebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ძერად(ა) (ʒerad(a)) | ძერებად(ა) (ʒerebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ძერავ (ʒerav) | ძერებო (ʒerebo) | ძერანო (ʒerano) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
| Postpositional inflection of ძერა (see Georgian postpositions) | ||
|---|---|---|
| postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ძერაზე (ʒeraze) | ძერებზე (ʒerebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ძერასთან (ʒerastan) | ძერებთან (ʒerebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ძერაში (ʒeraši) | ძერებში (ʒerebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ძერასავით (ʒerasavit) | ძერებივით (ʒerebivit) |
| postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ძერისთვის (ʒeristvis) | ძერებისთვის (ʒerebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ძერისებრ (ʒerisebr) | ძერებისებრ (ʒerebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ძერისკენ (ʒerisḳen) | ძერებისკენ (ʒerebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ძერისგან (ʒerisgan) | ძერებისგან (ʒerebisgan) |
| postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ძერიდან (ʒeridan) | ძერებიდან (ʒerebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ძერითურთ (ʒeriturt) | ძერებითურთ (ʒerebiturt) |
| postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ძერამდე (ʒeramde) | ძერებამდე (ʒerebamde) |
Descendants
Further reading
- Čikobava, Arnold et al., editors (1950–1964), “ძერა”, in Kartuli enis ganmarṭebiti leksiḳoni [Explanatory Dictionary of the Georgian language] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press
- Orbeliani, Sulxan-Saba (1685–1716) “ძერა”, in S. Iordanišvili, editor, Siṭq̇vis ḳona kartuli, romel ars leksiḳoni [Collection of Georgian words, that is a dictionary], Tbilisi: Georgian SSR print, published 1949, page 438b
Mingrelian
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Georgian ძერა (ʒera), displaced the native *ჯაჯა (*ǯaǯa) which survives in Gurian dialect of Georgian as ჯაჯა (ǯaǯa).
Alternative forms
- ნძერა (nʒera)
Noun
Further reading
- Kajaia, Otar (2005) “ძერა2”, in Megrul-kartuli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian–Georgian Dictionary], online version prepared by Joost Gippert, Frankfurt am Main, published 2001–2004, page 1798
- Kiria, Č̣abuḳi, Ezugbaia, Lali, Memišiši, Omar, Čuxua, Merab (2015) “*ჯაჯ-”, in Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 894
- Kobalia, Alio (2010) “ძერა”, in Merab Čuxua, Nona Kobalia, Nana Kobalia, editors, Megruli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian Dictionary] (Ḳolxuri seria; 7), online version prepared by Manana Buḳia, Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN
Etymology 2
Alternative forms
- ძერო (ʒero)
Noun
- dill (Anethum graveolens)
- Synonym: ცეროცო (ceroco)
Further reading
- Kajaia, Otar (2005) “ძერა1”, in Megrul-kartuli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian–Georgian Dictionary], online version prepared by Joost Gippert, Frankfurt am Main, published 2001–2004, page 1798
- Kipšidze, Iosif (1914) “ძერა”, in Грамматика мингрельского (иверского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Mingrelian (Iverian) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 7) (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 374a
- Kobalia, Alio (2010) “ძერა”, in Merab Čuxua, Nona Kobalia, Nana Kobalia, editors, Megruli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian Dictionary] (Ḳolxuri seria; 7), online version prepared by Manana Buḳia, Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN
- Maq̇ašvili, Aleksandre (1961) “კამა”, in Boṭaniḳuri leksiḳoni [Botanical Dictionary], 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Sabč̣ota Sakartvelo