ḏd

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Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

 

Verb

D&d

 2-lit.

  1. (transitive) to say, to speak (words, names, praises, reports, speech, etc., including direct quotes) (+ n or (archaic) ḫft: to; + ḥr: to (someone of high standing); + r: against, about, to (someone); + n: for the sake of (someone); + m: with, from (the mouth))
    • 12th Dynasty, Stela of Amenemhat, British Museum, Egyptian Antiquities, E567:
      D&d t
      n
      f
      M18iwmR4
      t p
      in
      wr
      A1Z3nw
      Z1
      AbbDw
      O49
      ḏd.t(w) n.f jjw m ḥtp jn wrw nw ꜣbḏw
      May “welcome in peace” be said to him by the great of Abydos.
    • c. 1859 BCE – 1840 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version B (pBerlin 3022 and pAmherst n-q) line 23:[2]
      D&d n&A1 d
      p
      t
      ns
      A2mtZ6M22M22
      ḏd.n.j dpt mwt nn
      I said “this is the taste of death.”
    • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.4–2.5:
      Drr
      n
      D&dn
      f
      H_SPACE
      n
      sn
      Z2
      irn
      t t
      nb
      t
      mzSY1HrZ1pG41ASf
      d
      warq

      sDmmstmiiD&dA1stmz
      n
      X4Y1HAAY1
      Z2
      HrZ1SAAAtY1
      Z2
      ḏr.n ḏd.n.f n.sn jr ntt nbt m zẖꜣ ḥr pꜣ šfdw sḏm st mj ḏd.j st (j)m zn ḥꜣw ḥr šꜣꜣt
      In the end he said to them: As for everything in the writing on this scroll, heed it as I say it; don’t exceed what has been set down.
  2. (intransitive) to talk, to speak (+ n: to)
    • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 20–21:
      irr
      k
      mx
      r
      t
      Y2
      Z2
      ib Z1
      k
      swrr
      d
      nDspWD&d n
      k
      jr r.k m ḫrt-jb.k swrd pw ḏd n.k
      Well, do whatever you want (literally, “as your desire”).[3] It’s tiring to talk to you.
  3. (transitive) to speak (good, evil, truth, falsehood, etc.)
  4. (transitive) to narrate, to tell, to report (events or experiences)
  5. (transitive) to tell about (a person or thing) (+ n: to)
  6. (transitive) to say in writing
  7. (transitive) to recite (a spell or other text) (+ ḥr: over (an amulet, etc.))
  8. (transitive) to intone, to sing (a song) aloud
  9. (transitive) to give away, to tell (a secret)
  10. (transitive, law, of witnesses and the accused) to testify
  11. (transitive) to give or report (someone’s) name (+ n: to (someone else))
  12. (transitive) to call (+ n or r: (someone)) by (a name), to refer to as
  13. (transitive) to sing the praises of (something, someone’s power, etc.), to mention with praise
  14. (transitive) to predict, to prophesy
  15. (transitive, of people or hearts/minds, with sentence as object) to think to, to intend to (do something)
Inflection
Alternative forms
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ϫⲟⲩ (čou)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ϫⲱ (čō)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ϫⲱ (čō)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ϫⲱ (čō), ϫⲟⲩ (čou), ϫⲟⲟⲩⲉ (čooue)
  • Old Coptic: ϫⲱ (čō)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ϫⲱ (čō)

Noun

D&d

 m

  1. infinitive of ḏd: speech, speaking
  2. infinitive of ḏd: manner of speech, language
Inflection
Derived terms

See under the verb above.

Descendants

See under the verb above.

Verb

D&d
  1. (Late Egyptian) Alternative form of r ḏd (introduces a direct quotation or object clause)
Descendants

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

DdZ1

 m

  1. stability, lastingness
  2. djed pillar
  3. epithet of the gods Ptah (in earlier writings) and Osiris (later)
Alternative forms
Derived terms
Descendants

References

  1. ^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 37, 53
  2. ^ Allen, James Peter (2015) Middle Egyptian Literature: Eight Literary Works of the Middle Kingdom, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 71–72
  3. ^ The beginning can alternatively be read as an imperfective emphatic jrr.k ‘You do …’.