ἀμύσσω

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Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

This word has been compared to Latin mūcrō (“sharp point”), Lithuanian mùšti (“to beat, strike, hit”) and Old English gemyscan (“to afflict, tease”). This seems a rather small basis for reconstructing an Indo-European root. Furnée accepts the comparison with Latin, but as a substrate word. The presence of ἀμύσχεσται (amúskhestai, “laceration of the flesh with claws”) shows a typical Pre-Greek variation, according to Beekes.

Pronunciation

 

Verb

ἀμῠ́σσω • (amússō)

  1. to scratch, tear, lacerate
  2. to tear in pieces, mangle
  3. (of thorns) to prick
  4. (of insects) to sting

Inflection

   Present: ἀμῠ́σσω, ἀμῠ́σσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἀμῠ́σσω ἀμῠ́σσεις ἀμῠ́σσει ἀμῠ́σσετον ἀμῠ́σσετον ἀμῠ́σσομεν ἀμῠ́σσετε ἀμῠ́σσουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ἀμῠ́σσω ἀμῠ́σσῃς ἀμῠ́σσῃ ἀμῠ́σσητον ἀμῠ́σσητον ἀμῠ́σσωμεν ἀμῠ́σσητε ἀμῠ́σσωσῐ(ν)
optative ἀμῠ́σσοιμῐ ἀμῠ́σσοις ἀμῠ́σσοι ἀμῠ́σσοιτον ἀμῠσσοίτην ἀμῠ́σσοιμεν ἀμῠ́σσοιτε ἀμῠ́σσοιεν
imperative   ἄμῠσσε ἀμῠσσέτω ἀμῠ́σσετον ἀμῠσσέτων   ἀμῠ́σσετε ἀμῠσσόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative ἀμῠ́σσομαι ἀμῠ́σσῃ,
ἀμῠ́σσει 		ἀμῠ́σσεται ἀμῠ́σσεσθον ἀμῠ́σσεσθον ἀμῠσσόμεθᾰ ἀμῠ́σσεσθε ἀμῠ́σσονται
subjunctive ἀμῠ́σσωμαι ἀμῠ́σσῃ ἀμῠ́σσηται ἀμῠ́σσησθον ἀμῠ́σσησθον ἀμῠσσώμεθᾰ ἀμῠ́σσησθε ἀμῠ́σσωνται
optative ἀμῠσσοίμην ἀμῠ́σσοιο ἀμῠ́σσοιτο ἀμῠ́σσοισθον ἀμῠσσοίσθην ἀμῠσσοίμεθᾰ ἀμῠ́σσοισθε ἀμῠ́σσοιντο
imperative   ἀμῠ́σσου ἀμῠσσέσθω ἀμῠ́σσεσθον ἀμῠσσέσθων   ἀμῠ́σσεσθε ἀμῠσσέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive ἀμῠ́σσειν ἀμῠ́σσεσθαι
participle m ἀμῠ́σσων ἀμῠσσόμενος
f ἀμῠ́σσουσᾰ ἀμῠσσομένη
n ἀμῠ́σσον ἀμῠσσόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: μῠ́ξω, μῠ́ξομαι, μῠχθήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative μῠ́ξω μῠ́ξεις μῠ́ξει μῠ́ξετον μῠ́ξετον μῠ́ξομεν μῠ́ξετε μῠ́ξουσῐ(ν)
optative μῠ́ξοιμῐ μῠ́ξοις μῠ́ξοι μῠ́ξοιτον μῠξοίτην μῠ́ξοιμεν μῠ́ξοιτε μῠ́ξοιεν
middle indicative μῠ́ξομαι μῠ́ξῃ,
μῠ́ξει 		μῠ́ξεται μῠ́ξεσθον μῠ́ξεσθον μῠξόμεθᾰ μῠ́ξεσθε μῠ́ξονται
optative μῠξοίμην μῠ́ξοιο μῠ́ξοιτο μῠ́ξοισθον μῠξοίσθην μῠξοίμεθᾰ μῠ́ξοισθε μῠ́ξοιντο
passive indicative μῠχθήσομαι μῠχθήσῃ μῠχθήσεται μῠχθήσεσθον μῠχθήσεσθον μῠχθησόμεθᾰ μῠχθήσεσθε μῠχθήσονται
optative μῠχθησοίμην μῠχθήσοιο μῠχθήσοιτο μῠχθήσοισθον μῠχθησοίσθην μῠχθησοίμεθᾰ μῠχθήσοισθε μῠχθήσοιντο
active middle passive
infinitive μῠ́ξειν μῠ́ξεσθαι μῠχθήσεσθαι
participle m μῠ́ξων μῠξόμενος μῠχθησόμενος
f μῠ́ξουσᾰ μῠξομένη μῠχθησομένη
n μῠ́ξον μῠξόμενον μῠχθησόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἤμῠξᾰ, ἠμῠξᾰ́μην, ἠμῠ́χθην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἤμῠξᾰ ἤμῠξᾰς ἤμῠξε(ν) ἠμῠ́ξᾰτον ἠμῠξᾰ́την ἠμῠ́ξᾰμεν ἠμῠ́ξᾰτε ἤμῠξᾰν
subjunctive μῠ́ξω μῠ́ξῃς μῠ́ξῃ μῠ́ξητον μῠ́ξητον μῠ́ξωμεν μῠ́ξητε μῠ́ξωσῐ(ν)
optative μῠ́ξαιμῐ μῠ́ξειᾰς,
μῠ́ξαις 		μῠ́ξειε(ν),
μῠ́ξαι 		μῠ́ξαιτον μῠξαίτην μῠ́ξαιμεν μῠ́ξαιτε μῠ́ξειᾰν,
μῠ́ξαιεν
imperative   μῠ́ξον μῠξᾰ́τω μῠ́ξᾰτον μῠξᾰ́των   μῠ́ξᾰτε μῠξᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ἠμῠξᾰ́μην ἠμῠ́ξω ἠμῠ́ξᾰτο ἠμῠ́ξᾰσθον ἠμῠξᾰ́σθην ἠμῠξᾰ́μεθᾰ ἠμῠ́ξᾰσθε ἠμῠ́ξᾰντο
subjunctive μῠ́ξωμαι μῠ́ξῃ μῠ́ξηται μῠ́ξησθον μῠ́ξησθον μῠξώμεθᾰ μῠ́ξησθε μῠ́ξωνται
optative μῠξαίμην μῠ́ξαιο μῠ́ξαιτο μῠ́ξαισθον μῠξαίσθην μῠξαίμεθᾰ μῠ́ξαισθε μῠ́ξαιντο
imperative   μῠ́ξαι μῠξᾰ́σθω μῠ́ξᾰσθον μῠξᾰ́σθων   μῠ́ξᾰσθε μῠξᾰ́σθων
passive indicative ἠμῠ́χθην ἠμῠ́χθης ἠμῠ́χθη ἠμῠ́χθητον ἠμῠχθήτην ἠμῠ́χθημεν ἠμῠ́χθητε ἠμῠ́χθησᾰν
subjunctive μῠχθῶ μῠχθῇς μῠχθῇ μῠχθῆτον μῠχθῆτον μῠχθῶμεν μῠχθῆτε μῠχθῶσῐ(ν)
optative μῠχθείην μῠχθείης μῠχθείη μῠχθεῖτον,
μῠχθείητον 		μῠχθείτην,
μῠχθειήτην 		μῠχθεῖμεν,
μῠχθείημεν 		μῠχθεῖτε,
μῠχθείητε 		μῠχθεῖεν,
μῠχθείησᾰν
imperative   μῠ́χθητῐ μῠχθήτω μῠ́χθητον μῠχθήτων   μῠ́χθητε μῠχθέντων
active middle passive
infinitive μῠ́ξαι μῠ́ξᾰσθαι μῠχθῆναι
participle m μῠ́ξᾱς μῠξᾰ́μενος μῠχθείς
f μῠ́ξᾱσᾰ μῠξᾰμένη μῠχθεῖσᾰ
n μῠ́ξᾰν μῠξᾰ́μενον μῠχθέν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

Further reading

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