Ἀπόλλων
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See also: Απόλλων
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- Ἀπείλων (Apeílōn) — Arcadocypriot
- Ἀπέλλων (Apéllōn) — Doric
- Ἄπλουν (Áploun) — Thessalian
- Ἀπέλον (Apélon) — Pamphylian
Etymology
Uncertain. Possibly from Pre-Greek, or from an older, obsolete verb meaning "to drive away," as in evil (via Klein from Usener).[1] Plato in Cratylus connects it to ἀπόλλυμι (apóllumi, “to destroy”), ἀπολούων (apoloúōn, “washing”), ἀπολύων (apolúōn, “delivering”), ἁπλοῦν (haploûn, “simple”), and ἀειβάλλων (aeibállōn, “always shooting”). Plotinus, in Ennead V.5.6.26-30, claims that Pythagoreans derived it from ἀ- (a-) and πολῠ́ς (polús) to render Απόλλων, literally "one without parts," as a 'symbol' of the Monad.[2]
Sometimes said to derive from *Apeljōn to synchronize the Arcadocypriot and Doric variations with the Hittite deity Apaliunas, Hittite 𒀀𒀊𒉺𒇷𒌋𒈾𒀸 (A-ap-pa-li-u-na-aš).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.pól.lɔːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /aˈpol.lon/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /aˈpol.lon/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /aˈpol.lon/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /aˈpo.lon/
Proper noun
Ᾰ̓πόλλων • (Apóllōn) m (genitive Ᾰ̓πόλλωνος); third declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ Ἀπόλλων ho Apóllōn | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος toû Apóllōnos | ||||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ Ἀπόλλωνῐ tôi Apóllōni | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν Ἀπόλλω / Ἀπόλλωνᾰ tòn Apóllō / Apóllōna | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | Ἄπολλον Ápollon | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- Ἀπολλόδοτος (Apollódotos)
- Ἀπολλόδωρος (Apollódōros)
- Ἀπολλωνία (Apollōnía)
- Ἀπολλώνιον (Apollṓnion)
Descendants
- Armenian: Ապոլլոն (Apollon), Ապոլոն (Apolon)
- → Coptic: ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲗⲱⲛ (apollōn)
- Greek: Απόλλων (Apóllon), Απόλλωνας (Apóllonas)
- → Latin: Apollō
- → Russian: Аполло́н (Apollón)
References
Further reading
- “Ἀπόλλων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Ἀπόλλων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “Ἀπόλλων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- Ἀπόλλων in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “Ἀπόλλων”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,001
- http://opsopaus.com/OM/BA/Plethon/Apollo.html