ἔνθα

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Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

From ἐν- (en-, “there”) +‎ -θα (-tha, “towards”). Cognate with Tocharian B entwe (“then, thereupon”).

The regular medial destination demonstrative reflex is ἐνταῦθα (entaûtha). Alternatively, this is the regular reflex and the other term's τοῦ (toû) is an extension. The distal place one is ἐκεῖ (ekeî), and the relative place one is οὗ (hoû).

Pronunciation

 

Adverb

ἔνθᾰ • (éntha)

  1. (demonstrative) there, thither (location or movement)
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.231:
      ἔνθ’ Ὕπνῳ ξύμβλητο κασιγνήτῳ Θανάτοιο
      énth’ Húpnōi xúmblēto kasignḗtōi Thanátoio
      There she met Sleep, the brother of Death.
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.23:
      ἔνθ’ ἐλθὼν ὑπ’ ὄχεσφι τιτύσκετο χαλκόποδ’ ἵππω
      énth’ elthṑn hup’ ókhesphi titúsketo khalkópod’ híppō
      Thither came he, and let harness beneath his car his two bronze hooved horses
  2. (demonstrative) thereupon, then
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.1:
      ἔνθ’ αὖ Τυδεΐδῃ Διομήδεϊ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη δῶκε μένος καὶ θάρσος
      énth’ aû Tudeḯdēi Diomḗdeï Pallàs Athḗnē dôke ménos kaì thársos
      And then to Tydeus' son, Diomedes, Pallas Athene gave might and courage.
  3. (relative) where, whither (location or movement)
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.610:
      Ζεὺς δὲ πρὸς ὃν λέχος ἤϊ’ , ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθ’ ὅτε μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι:
      Zeùs dè pròs hòn lékhos ḗï’ [...], éntha páros koimâth’ hóte min glukùs húpnos hikánoi:
      And Zeus went to his couch, where of old he took his rest, whenever sweet sleep came upon him.
  4. (relative) when
    • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 7.4.15:
      μάλα ἔστιν ἔνθα ἰσχυρῶς ὠφελοῦσι σφενδονῆται παρόντες
      mála éstin éntha iskhurôs ōpheloûsi sphendonêtai paróntes
      there are occasions when the presents of slingers is of very effective assistance

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

See also

Ancient Greek correlatives (edit)
type interrogative indefinite (medial)
demonstrative		 proximal
demonstrative		 distal
demonstrative		 relative indefinite
relative		 identity other
basic τίς τις, ἔνιοι †ὁ, οὗτος ὅδε ἐκεῖνος ὅς ὅστις ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός ἕτερος, ἄλλος
dual πότερος πότερος, ποτερός ὁπότερος
quality ποῖος ποιός †τοῖος, τοιοῦτος τοιόσδε οἷος ὁποῖος ὅμοιος ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος
quantity πόσος ποσός †τόσος, τοσοῦτος τοσόσδε ὅσος ὁπόσος
manner πῶς πως †τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως ὧδε ὡς ὅπως ὁμῶς ἑτέρως, ἄλλως
method,
path,
place 		πῇ πῃ τῇ, ταύτῃ τῇδε ἐκείνῃ ᾗ ὅπῃ ἄλλῃ
place ποῦ, †πόθι που, †ποθι ἐνταῦθα ἐνθάδε ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι ὅπου, †ὁπόθι αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ ἄλλοθι
source πόθεν ποθεν †τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν ἐνθένδε ἐκεῖθεν ὅθεν ὁπόθεν †ὁμόθεν ἄλλοθεν
destination ποῖ, †πόσε ποι ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα ἐνθάδε, δεῦρο ἐκεῖσε οἷ ὅποι, †ὁπόσε αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε ἄλλοσε
time πότε, πῆμος ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε τότε, τῆμος τημόσδε ὅτε, ἦμος ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος ἅμα ἄλλοτε
exact time πηνίκα †τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα τηνικάδε ἡνίκα ὁπηνίκα αὐτίκα
duration of time τέως ἕως
size, age πηλίκος πηλίκος †τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος τηλικόσδε ἡλίκος ὁπηλίκος ὁμῆλιξ
repetition ποσάκις, ποσίνδα ποσάκις τουτάκις, τοσάκις †ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις ὁποσάκις
multiplication ποσαπλάσιος ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων
order πόστος ποστός ὁπόστος
† Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose
Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions.

Further reading

  • “ἔνθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ἔνθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “ἔνθα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ἔνθα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • ἔνθα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • ἔνθα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
  • “ἔνθα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
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