ἶρις

• ἔρῐς (éris)

Presuming an earlier form *ϝῖρις (*wîris), then from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁i-r(o)- (“a twist, thread, cord, wire”), from *weh₁i- (“to turn, twist, weave, plait”). Cognates include English wire, Swedish vira (“to twist”), Latin vieō (“weave together”), Welsh gŵyr (“bent”).

Alternatively, Furnée argues for Pre-Greek origin to account for the irregular variation between ⟨ε⟩ and ⟨ι⟩; Beekes concurs.

ἶρις • (îris) f (genitive ῑ̓́ρῐδος); third declension

1. rainbow
2. halo
3. various species of the genus Iris

• ἴρινος (írinos)

• “ἶρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἶρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἶρις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bow idem, page 91.
  • iris idem, page 459.
  • rain-bow idem, page 669.