ῥάπτω

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See also: ράπτω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Of unclear origin. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to bend, turn”), and compared with Latin verber (“lash, whip”), Proto-Germanic *warpą (“warp”), but this is phonetically impossible. The connections with ῥέπω (rhépō, “to incline”) and ῥέμβω (rhémbō, “to turn in circles”) are not certain, and the traditionally compared Lithuanian ver̃pti (“to sew”) is likely not cognate, due to the discovery of a Hellenic cognate in Mycenaean Greek (e-ra-pe-me-na) and its initial e- precluding a relation.

Pronunciation

 

Verb

ῥᾰ́πτω • (rháptō)

  1. to sew

Inflection

   Present: ῥᾰ́πτω, ῥᾰ́πτομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ῥᾰ́πτω ῥᾰ́πτεις ῥᾰ́πτει ῥᾰ́πτετον ῥᾰ́πτετον ῥᾰ́πτομεν ῥᾰ́πτετε ῥᾰ́πτουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ῥᾰ́πτω ῥᾰ́πτῃς ῥᾰ́πτῃ ῥᾰ́πτητον ῥᾰ́πτητον ῥᾰ́πτωμεν ῥᾰ́πτητε ῥᾰ́πτωσῐ(ν)
optative ῥᾰ́πτοιμῐ ῥᾰ́πτοις ῥᾰ́πτοι ῥᾰ́πτοιτον ῥᾰπτοίτην ῥᾰ́πτοιμεν ῥᾰ́πτοιτε ῥᾰ́πτοιεν
imperative   ῥᾰ́πτε ῥᾰπτέτω ῥᾰ́πτετον ῥᾰπτέτων   ῥᾰ́πτετε ῥᾰπτόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative ῥᾰ́πτομαι ῥᾰ́πτῃ,
ῥᾰ́πτει 		ῥᾰ́πτεται ῥᾰ́πτεσθον ῥᾰ́πτεσθον ῥᾰπτόμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́πτεσθε ῥᾰ́πτονται
subjunctive ῥᾰ́πτωμαι ῥᾰ́πτῃ ῥᾰ́πτηται ῥᾰ́πτησθον ῥᾰ́πτησθον ῥᾰπτώμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́πτησθε ῥᾰ́πτωνται
optative ῥᾰπτοίμην ῥᾰ́πτοιο ῥᾰ́πτοιτο ῥᾰ́πτοισθον ῥᾰπτοίσθην ῥᾰπτοίμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́πτοισθε ῥᾰ́πτοιντο
imperative   ῥᾰ́πτου ῥᾰπτέσθω ῥᾰ́πτεσθον ῥᾰπτέσθων   ῥᾰ́πτεσθε ῥᾰπτέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive ῥᾰ́πτειν ῥᾰ́πτεσθαι
participle m ῥᾰ́πτων ῥᾰπτόμενος
f ῥᾰ́πτουσᾰ ῥᾰπτομένη
n ῥᾰ́πτον ῥᾰπτόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἔρρᾰπτον, ἐρρᾰπτόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔρρᾰπτον ἔρρᾰπτες ἔρρᾰπτε(ν) ἐρρᾰ́πτετον ἐρρᾰπτέτην ἐρρᾰ́πτομεν ἐρρᾰ́πτετε ἔρρᾰπτον
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐρρᾰπτόμην ἐρρᾰ́πτου ἐρρᾰ́πτετο ἐρρᾰ́πτεσθον ἐρρᾰπτέσθην ἐρρᾰπτόμεθᾰ ἐρρᾰ́πτεσθε ἐρρᾰ́πτοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: ῥᾰ́ψω, ῥᾰ́ψομαι, ῥᾰφήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ῥᾰ́ψω ῥᾰ́ψεις ῥᾰ́ψει ῥᾰ́ψετον ῥᾰ́ψετον ῥᾰ́ψομεν ῥᾰ́ψετε ῥᾰ́ψουσῐ(ν)
optative ῥᾰ́ψοιμῐ ῥᾰ́ψοις ῥᾰ́ψοι ῥᾰ́ψοιτον ῥᾰψοίτην ῥᾰ́ψοιμεν ῥᾰ́ψοιτε ῥᾰ́ψοιεν
middle indicative ῥᾰ́ψομαι ῥᾰ́ψῃ,
ῥᾰ́ψει 		ῥᾰ́ψεται ῥᾰ́ψεσθον ῥᾰ́ψεσθον ῥᾰψόμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́ψεσθε ῥᾰ́ψονται
optative ῥᾰψοίμην ῥᾰ́ψοιο ῥᾰ́ψοιτο ῥᾰ́ψοισθον ῥᾰψοίσθην ῥᾰψοίμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́ψοισθε ῥᾰ́ψοιντο
passive indicative ῥᾰφήσομαι ῥᾰφήσῃ ῥᾰφήσεται ῥᾰφήσεσθον ῥᾰφήσεσθον ῥᾰφησόμεθᾰ ῥᾰφήσεσθε ῥᾰφήσονται
optative ῥᾰφησοίμην ῥᾰφήσοιο ῥᾰφήσοιτο ῥᾰφήσοισθον ῥᾰφησοίσθην ῥᾰφησοίμεθᾰ ῥᾰφήσοισθε ῥᾰφήσοιντο
active middle passive
infinitive ῥᾰ́ψειν ῥᾰ́ψεσθαι ῥᾰφήσεσθαι
participle m ῥᾰ́ψων ῥᾰψόμενος ῥᾰφησόμενος
f ῥᾰ́ψουσᾰ ῥᾰψομένη ῥᾰφησομένη
n ῥᾰ́ψον ῥᾰψόμενον ῥᾰφησόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἔρρᾰψᾰ, ἐρρᾰψᾰ́μην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔρρᾰψᾰ ἔρρᾰψᾰς ἔρρᾰψε(ν) ἐρρᾰ́ψᾰτον ἐρρᾰψᾰ́την ἐρρᾰ́ψᾰμεν ἐρρᾰ́ψᾰτε ἔρρᾰψᾰν
subjunctive ῥᾰ́ψω ῥᾰ́ψῃς ῥᾰ́ψῃ ῥᾰ́ψητον ῥᾰ́ψητον ῥᾰ́ψωμεν ῥᾰ́ψητε ῥᾰ́ψωσῐ(ν)
optative ῥᾰ́ψαιμῐ ῥᾰ́ψειᾰς,
ῥᾰ́ψαις 		ῥᾰ́ψειε(ν),
ῥᾰ́ψαι 		ῥᾰ́ψαιτον ῥᾰψαίτην ῥᾰ́ψαιμεν ῥᾰ́ψαιτε ῥᾰ́ψειᾰν,
ῥᾰ́ψαιεν
imperative   ῥᾰ́ψον ῥᾰψᾰ́τω ῥᾰ́ψᾰτον ῥᾰψᾰ́των   ῥᾰ́ψᾰτε ῥᾰψᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ἐρρᾰψᾰ́μην ἐρρᾰ́ψω ἐρρᾰ́ψᾰτο ἐρρᾰ́ψᾰσθον ἐρρᾰψᾰ́σθην ἐρρᾰψᾰ́μεθᾰ ἐρρᾰ́ψᾰσθε ἐρρᾰ́ψᾰντο
subjunctive ῥᾰ́ψωμαι ῥᾰ́ψῃ ῥᾰ́ψηται ῥᾰ́ψησθον ῥᾰ́ψησθον ῥᾰψώμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́ψησθε ῥᾰ́ψωνται
optative ῥᾰψαίμην ῥᾰ́ψαιο ῥᾰ́ψαιτο ῥᾰ́ψαισθον ῥᾰψαίσθην ῥᾰψαίμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́ψαισθε ῥᾰ́ψαιντο
imperative   ῥᾰ́ψαι ῥᾰψᾰ́σθω ῥᾰ́ψᾰσθον ῥᾰψᾰ́σθων   ῥᾰ́ψᾰσθε ῥᾰψᾰ́σθων
active middle
infinitive ῥᾰ́ψαι ῥᾰ́ψᾰσθαι
participle m ῥᾰ́ψᾱς ῥᾰψᾰ́μενος
f ῥᾰ́ψᾱσᾰ ῥᾰψᾰμένη
n ῥᾰ́ψᾰν ῥᾰψᾰ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἔρρᾰφον, ἐρρᾰφόμην, ἐρρᾰ́φην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔρρᾰφον ἔρρᾰφες ἔρρᾰφε(ν) ἐρρᾰ́φετον ἐρρᾰφέτην ἐρρᾰ́φομεν ἐρρᾰ́φετε ἔρρᾰφον
subjunctive ῥᾰ́φω ῥᾰ́φῃς ῥᾰ́φῃ ῥᾰ́φητον ῥᾰ́φητον ῥᾰ́φωμεν ῥᾰ́φητε ῥᾰ́φωσῐ(ν)
optative ῥᾰ́φοιμῐ ῥᾰ́φοις ῥᾰ́φοι ῥᾰ́φοιτον ῥᾰφοίτην ῥᾰ́φοιμεν ῥᾰ́φοιτε ῥᾰ́φοιεν
imperative   ῥᾰ́φε ῥᾰφέτω ῥᾰ́φετον ῥᾰφέτων   ῥᾰ́φετε ῥᾰφόντων
middle indicative ἐρρᾰφόμην ἐρρᾰ́φου ἐρρᾰ́φετο ἐρρᾰ́φεσθον ἐρρᾰφέσθην ἐρρᾰφόμεθᾰ ἐρρᾰ́φεσθε ἐρρᾰ́φοντο
subjunctive ῥᾰ́φωμαι ῥᾰ́φῃ ῥᾰ́φηται ῥᾰ́φησθον ῥᾰ́φησθον ῥᾰφώμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́φησθε ῥᾰ́φωνται
optative ῥᾰφοίμην ῥᾰ́φοιο ῥᾰ́φοιτο ῥᾰ́φοισθον ῥᾰφοίσθην ῥᾰφοίμεθᾰ ῥᾰ́φοισθε ῥᾰ́φοιντο
imperative   ῥᾰφοῦ ῥᾰφέσθω ῥᾰ́φεσθον ῥᾰφέσθων   ῥᾰ́φεσθε ῥᾰφέσθων
passive indicative ἐρρᾰ́φην ἐρρᾰ́φης ἐρρᾰ́φη ἐρρᾰ́φητον ἐρρᾰφήτην ἐρρᾰ́φημεν ἐρρᾰ́φητε ἐρρᾰ́φησᾰν
subjunctive ῥᾰφῶ ῥᾰφῇς ῥᾰφῇ ῥᾰφῆτον ῥᾰφῆτον ῥᾰφῶμεν ῥᾰφῆτε ῥᾰφῶσῐ(ν)
optative ῥᾰφείην ῥᾰφείης ῥᾰφείη ῥᾰφεῖτον,
ῥᾰφείητον 		ῥᾰφείτην,
ῥᾰφειήτην 		ῥᾰφεῖμεν,
ῥᾰφείημεν 		ῥᾰφεῖτε,
ῥᾰφείητε 		ῥᾰφεῖεν,
ῥᾰφείησᾰν
imperative   ῥᾰ́φηθῐ ῥᾰφήτω ῥᾰ́φητον ῥᾰφήτων   ῥᾰ́φητε ῥᾰφέντων
active middle passive
infinitive ῥᾰφεῖν ῥᾰφέσθαι ῥᾰφῆναι
participle m ῥᾰφών ῥᾰφόμενος ῥᾰφείς
f ῥᾰφοῦσᾰ ῥᾰφομένη ῥᾰφεῖσᾰ
n ῥᾰφόν ῥᾰφόμενον ῥᾰφέν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Perfect: ἔρρᾰμμαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative ἔρρᾰμμαι ἔρρᾰψαι ἔρρᾰπται ἔρρᾰφθον ἔρρᾰφθον ἐρρᾰ́μμεθᾰ ἔρρᾰφθε ἐρρᾰ́φᾰται
subjunctive ἐρρᾰμμένος ὦ ἐρρᾰμμένος ᾖς ἐρρᾰμμένος ᾖ ἐρρᾰμμένω ἦτον ἐρρᾰμμένω ἦτον ἐρρᾰμμένοι ὦμεν ἐρρᾰμμένοι ἦτε ἐρρᾰμμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
optative ἐρρᾰμμένος εἴην ἐρρᾰμμένος εἴης ἐρρᾰμμένος εἴη ἐρρᾰμμένω εἴητον/εἶτον ἐρρᾰμμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην ἐρρᾰμμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν ἐρρᾰμμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε ἐρρᾰμμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
imperative   ἔρρᾰψο ἐρρᾰ́φθω ἔρρᾰφθον ἐρρᾰ́φθων   ἔρρᾰφθε ἐρρᾰ́φθων
middle/passive
infinitive ἐρρᾰ́φθαι
participle m ἐρρᾰμμένος
f ἐρρᾰμμένη
n ἐρρᾰμμένον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Pluperfect: ἐρραφήκειν, ἐρρᾰ́μμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐρραφήκειν,
ἐρραφήκη 		ἐρραφήκεις,
ἐρραφήκης 		ἐρραφήκει(ν) ἐρραφήκετον ἐρραφηκέτην ἐρραφήκεμεν ἐρραφήκετε ἐρραφήκεσᾰν
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐρρᾰ́μμην ἔρρᾰψο ἔρρᾰπτο ἔρρᾰφθον ἐρρᾰ́φθην ἐρρᾰ́μμεθᾰ ἔρρᾰφθε ἐρρᾰ́φᾰτο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ “orv”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok ‎ (in Swedish), 1937
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ῥάπτω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1275-6

Further reading

Wikious
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