ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ
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Coptic
Alternative forms
- ⲥⲕⲁⲣⲕⲣ (skarkr), ⲥⲗⲉϭⲗⲉϭ (sleclec) — Fayyumic
- ⲥⲕⲟⲣⲕⲣ (skorkr) — Sahidic
- ⲥⲕⲁⲣⲕⲣⲉ (skarkre) — Akhmimic
- ⲥⲕⲉⲣⲕⲉⲣ (skerker) — Bohairic
Etymology
Verb
ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ • (skalkl) (nominal state ⲥⲕⲉⲗⲕⲱⲗ-)
Conjugation
Conjugation of ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ (Fayyumic dialect)
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ skalkl |
imperative | affirmative | ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ skalkl |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ štemskalkl |
negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲡⲉⲗⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpelskalkl, pelskalkl |
| singular | plural | nominal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||||||
| masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | ||||||||
| durative sentence | |||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - | |||
| present | basic | ϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tiskalkl |
ⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ kskalkl |
ⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ teskalkl |
ϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ fskalkl |
ⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ sskalkl |
ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tenskalkl |
ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tetenskalkl |
ⲥⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ seskalkl |
ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ skalkl | |
| circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eiskalkl |
ⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ekskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eleskalkl |
ⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ efskalkl |
ⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ esskalkl |
ⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ enskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eletenskalkl |
ⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ euskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ele- skalkl | ||
| relative | ⲉϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etiskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etekskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eteskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etefskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etesskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etetenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etouskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ete- skalkl, etele- skalkl | ||
| preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naiskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nakskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naleskalkl |
ⲛⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nafskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nasskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nanskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naletenskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nauskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nale- skalkl | ||
| focalising | ⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aiskalkl |
ⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ akskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aleskalkl |
ⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ afskalkl |
ⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ asskalkl |
ⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ anskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aletenskalkl |
ⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ auskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ale- skalkl | ||
| future | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tineskalkl |
ⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ kneskalkl |
ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ teneskalkl |
ϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ fneskalkl |
ⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ sneskalkl |
ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tenneskalkl |
ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tetenneskalkl |
ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ seneskalkl |
ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ neskalkl | |
| circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eineskalkl |
ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ekneskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eleneskalkl |
ⲉϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ efneskalkl |
ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ esneskalkl |
ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ enneskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eletenneskalkl |
ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ euneskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ele- neskalkl | ||
| relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etineskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etekneskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eteneskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etefneskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etesneskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etenneskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etetenneskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etouneskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etele- neskalkl | ||
| preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naineskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nakneskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naleneskalkl |
ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nafneskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nasneskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nanneskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naletenneskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nauneskalkl |
ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nale- neskalkl | ||
| focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aineskalkl |
ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ akneskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aleneskalkl |
ⲁϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ afneskalkl |
ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ asneskalkl |
ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ anneskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aletenneskalkl |
ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ auneskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ale- neskalkl | ||
| negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ||||||||||
| non-durative sentence | |||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - | |||
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aiskalkl |
ⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ akskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aleskalkl |
ⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ afskalkl |
ⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ asskalkl |
ⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ anskalkl |
ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ atetenskalkl |
ⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ auskalkl |
ⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ a- skalkl |
| negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpiskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpekskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpefskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpesskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpenskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpetenskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpouskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpe- skalkl | ||
| circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eaiskalkl |
ⲉⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eakskalkl |
ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ealeskalkl |
ⲉⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eafskalkl |
ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ easskalkl |
ⲉⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eanskalkl |
ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eatetenskalkl |
ⲉⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eauskalkl |
ⲉⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ea- skalkl | |
| negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empiskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empekskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empeskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empefskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empesskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empenskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empetenskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empouskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empe- skalkl | ||
| relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntaiskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntakskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntaleskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntafskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntasskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntanskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etaletenskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntauskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nta- skalkl | |
| negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempiskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempekskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempeskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempefskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempesskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempetenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempouskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempe- skalkl | ||
| preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneaiskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneakskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnealeskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneafskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneasskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneanskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneatetenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneauskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnea- skalkl | |
| negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempiskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempekskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempeskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempefskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempesskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempetenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempouskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempe- skalkl | ||
| focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aaiskalkl |
ⲁⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aakskalkl |
ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aaleskalkl |
ⲁⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aafskalkl |
ⲁⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aasskalkl |
ⲁⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aanskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etaletenskalkl |
ⲁⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aauskalkl |
ⲁⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aa- skalkl | |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatiskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatekskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpateskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatefskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatesskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatenskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatetenskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatouskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpate- skalkl |
| circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatiskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatekskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empateskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatefskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatesskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatenskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatetenskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatouskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empate- skalkl | |
| relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatiskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatekskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempateskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatefskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatesskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatetenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatouskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempate- skalkl | |
| preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatiskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatekskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempateskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatefskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatesskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatetenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatouskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempate- skalkl | |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šaiskalkl |
ϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šakskalkl |
ϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šaleskalkl |
ϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šafskalkl |
ϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šasskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šanskalkl |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šatetenskalkl |
ϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šauskalkl |
ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šale- skalkl |
| negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ meiskalkl |
ⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mekskalkl |
ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ meleskalkl |
ⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mefskalkl |
ⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ messkalkl |
ⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ menskalkl |
ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ meletenskalkl |
ⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ meuskalkl |
ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mele- skalkl | ||
| circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešaiskalkl |
ⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešakskalkl |
ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešaleskalkl |
ⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešafskalkl |
ⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešasskalkl |
ⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešanskalkl |
ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešatetenskalkl |
ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešauskalkl |
ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešale- skalkl | |
| negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emeiskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emekskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emeleskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emefskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emesskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emenskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emeletenskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emeuskalkl |
ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emele- skalkl | ||
| relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešaiskalkl, nšaiskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešakskalkl, nšakskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešaleskalkl, nšaleskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešafskalkl, nšafskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešasskalkl, nšasskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešanskalkl, nšanskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešatetenskalkl, nšatetenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešauskalkl, nšauskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešale- skalkl, nšale- skalkl | |
| negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemeiskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemekskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemeleskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemefskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemesskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemeletenskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemeuskalkl |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemele- skalkl | ||
| preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešaiskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešakskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešaleskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešafskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešasskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešanskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešatetenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešauskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešale- skalkl | |
| negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemeiskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemekskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemeleskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemefskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemesskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemeletenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemeuskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemele- skalkl | ||
| focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmeiskalkl |
ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmekskalkl |
ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmeleskalkl |
ⲛⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmefskalkl |
ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmesskalkl |
ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmenskalkl |
ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmeletenskalkl |
ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmeuskalkl |
ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmele- skalkl | |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eieskalkl |
ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ekeskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eleskalkl |
ⲉϥⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ efeskalkl |
ⲉⲥⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eseskalkl |
ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eneskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eleteneskalkl |
ⲉⲩⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eueskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ele- skalkl |
| negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnaskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnekskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnefskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnesskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnetenskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnouskalkl |
ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nne- skalkl | ||
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ maliskalkl |
(use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ malefskalkl |
ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ malesskalkl |
ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ malenskalkl |
(use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ malouskalkl |
ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ male- skalkl | |
| negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltriskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltrefskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltresskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltrenskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltreuskalkl |
ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltre- skalkl | |||||
| subordinate clause | |||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - | |||
| conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ taskalkl, ntaskalkl |
ⲛⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nkskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nteskalkl |
ⲛϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nfskalkl |
ⲛⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nsskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntenskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntetenskalkl |
ⲛⲥⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nseskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nte- skalkl | ||
| future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ taliskalkl, ntaliskalkl |
ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talekskalkl, ntalekskalkl |
ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ taleskalkl, ntaleskalkl |
ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talefskalkl, ntalefskalkl |
ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talesskalkl, ntalesskalkl |
ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talenskalkl, ntalenskalkl |
ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ taletenskalkl, ntaletenskalkl |
ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talouskalkl, ntalouskalkl |
ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tale- skalkl, ntale- skalkl | ||
| precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nteliskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelekskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nteleskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelefskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelesskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelenskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nteletenskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelouskalkl |
ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntele- skalkl | ||
| limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantiskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantekskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šanteskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantefskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantesskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantenskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantetenskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantouskalkl |
ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šante- skalkl | ||
| conditional | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eišanskalkl |
ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ekšanskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ elešanskalkl |
ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ efšanskalkl |
ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ esšanskalkl |
ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ enšanskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eletenšanskalkl |
ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eušanskalkl |
ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ elešan- skalkl, elšan- skalkl | |
| short | ⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aiskalkl |
ⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ akskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aleskalkl |
ⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ afskalkl |
ⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ asskalkl |
ⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ anskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aletenskalkl |
ⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ auskalkl |
ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ale- skalkl | ||
| negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ||||||||||
References
- Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 329
- Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 150