いきぐるしい

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Japanese

Alternative spelling
息苦しい

Etymology

From 息(いき) (iki) + 苦(くる)しい (kurushii).

Pronunciation

Adjective

いきぐるしい • (ikigurushii) -i (adverbial いきぐるしく (ikigurushiku))

  1. of difficulty breathing; difficult to breathe
    息(いき)苦(ぐる)しい緊(きん)張(ちょう)感(かん)
    ikigurushii kinchōkan
    choking sense of anxiety
    空(くう)気(き)が悪(わる)くて息(いき)苦(ぐる)しい。
    Kūki ga warukute ikigurushii.
    It's impossible to breathe because the air is so bad.

Inflection

Inflection of いきぐるしい
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) いきぐるしかろ ikigurushikaro
Continuative (連用形) いきぐるしく ikigurushiku
Terminal (終止形) いきぐるしい ikigurushii
Attributive (連体形) いきぐるしい ikigurushii
Hypothetical (仮定形) いきぐるしけれ ikigurushikere
Imperative (命令形) いきぐるしかれ ikigurushikare
Key constructions
Informal negative いきぐるしくない ikigurushiku nai
Informal past いきぐるしかった ikigurushikatta
Informal negative past いきぐるしくなかった ikigurushiku nakatta
Formal いきぐるしいです ikigurushii desu
Formal negative いきぐるしくないです ikigurushiku nai desu
Formal past いきぐるしかったです ikigurushikatta desu
Formal negative past いきぐるしくなかったです ikigurushiku nakatta desu
Conjunctive いきぐるしくて ikigurushikute
Conditional いきぐるしければ ikigurushikereba
Provisional いきぐるしかったら ikigurushikattara
Volitional いきぐるしかろう ikigurushikarō
Adverbial いきぐるしく ikigurushiku
Degree いきぐるしさ ikigurushisa

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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