いつ

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Alternative spelling
何時

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *Etu. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

The presence of other Old Japanese indefinites beginning with い (i) suggests a possible shared root of い (i, possibly “what” or “which”), as in 如何 (ikaga, “how”), 何処 (izuko, “where”), 幾ら (ikura, “how many, how much”).

Likely cognate with eastern Old Japanese word idu (modern idzu or izu, “where”), still used in modern Japanese as part of the word いずれ (izure, “which”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

Pronoun

いつ • (itsu) 

  1. when
    いつ日(に)本(ほん)へ来(き)ましたか。
    Itsu nihon e kimashita ka.
    When did you come to Japan?
Usage notes
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Alternative spellings
厳
稜威

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

いつ • (itsu) ←いつ (itu)?

  1. (literary) majesty, authority
    • 1900, “鉄道唱歌・東海道編 (Tetsudō shōka Tōkaidō-hen)”:
      鞘(さや)より拔(ぬ)けておのづから　草(くさ)なぎはらひし御劍(みつるぎ)の　御威(みいつ)は千代(ちよ)に燃(も)ゆる火(ひ)の　燒津(やいづ)の原(はら)はこゝなれや
      saya yori nukete onozukara kusanagi haraishi mitsurugi no miitsu hachiyo ni moyuru hi no yaizunohara wa koko nare ya
      (please add an English translation of this example)
    • 1941, “海の進軍”, 海老沼正男 (lyrics):
      御(み)稜(い)威(つ)輝(かがや)く大(おほ)空(ぞら)に
      miitsu kagayaku ōzora ni
      (please add an English translation of this example)

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of いつ – see the following entries.
【一】1
one
the same
one, 1
first, foremost
group
entirely, wholly
other
merely, only
a female given name
【逸】S
(literary) ease, comfort
escape, flee, break loose
leisure, ease
lost, not known in the world
excellent, outstanding
【溢】J
overflow
excessive
【佚】H
(literary) ease
ease; comfort
lost; unknown
(This term, いつ, is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
For a list of all kanji read as いつ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as いつ.)

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 15, poem 3705:
    , text here
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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