いびる

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Japanese

Etymology

Ultimately from Old Japanese.[1] Cognate with 燻る (iburu, “to smoke, to smolder”, intransitive), and 炙る, 焙る (aburu, “to roast over a flame; to warm or dry over a flame”, transitive).

Originally had these meanings, which persist as less-used senses. This evolved over time to mean to tease, to torment, to give someone a hard time. Compare use of English roast in the senses of to admonish severely or to criticize severely.

For unknown reasons, this verb is never spelled with kanji.

Pronunciation

Verb

いびる • (ibiru) transitive godan (stem いびり (ibiri), past いびった (ibitta))

  1. to tease, to torment
  2. to pester, to nag, to wheedle someone into doing something
  3. to slow-roast something
  4. to boil something

Conjugation

Conjugation of "いびる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") いびら ibira
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") いびり ibiri
Shūshikei ("terminal") いびる ibiru
Rentaikei ("attributive") いびる ibiru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") いびれ ibire
Meireikei ("imperative") いびれ ibire
Key constructions
Passive いびられる ibirareru
Causative いびらせる
いびらす 		ibiraseru
ibirasu
Potential いびれる ibireru
Volitional いびろう ibirō
Negative いびらない ibiranai
Negative continuative いびらず ibirazu
Formal いびります ibirimasu
Perfective いびった ibitta
Conjunctive いびって ibitte
Hypothetical conditional いびれば ibireba

Synonyms

References

  1. ^ 2003, ベネッセ古語辞典 (Benesse Dictionary of Archaic Words) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Benesse, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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