いましめる

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Japanese

Alternative spellings
戒める
誡める
警める

Etymology

Semantic shift(as well as a regular change in conjugation, see below) from classical verb 忌ましむ (imasimu, “to avoid”).

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "戒める"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		戒める いましめ​る
Imperative (命令形) 戒めろ いましめ​ろ
Key constructions
Passive 戒められる いましめられ​る
Causative 戒めさせる いましめさせ​る
Potential 戒められる いましめられ​る
Volitional 戒めよう いましめよ​ー
Negative 戒めない いましめ​ない
Negative perfective 戒めなかった いましめ​なかった
Formal 戒めます いましめま​す
Perfective 戒めた いまし​めた
Conjunctive 戒めて いまし​めて
Hypothetical conditional 戒めれば いましめ​れば

Verb

いましめる • (imashimeru) transitive ichidan (stem いましめ (imashime), past いましめた (imashimeta))

  1. to warn of, to caution against
  2. to scold for, to admonish for (a fault so that the person will not repeat it)
  3. to ban

Conjugation

Conjugation of "いましめる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") いましめ imashime
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") いましめ imashime
Shūshikei ("terminal") いましめる imashimeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") いましめる imashimeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") いましめれ imashimere
Meireikei ("imperative") いましめよ¹
いましめろ² 		imashimeyo¹
imashimero²
Key constructions
Passive いましめられる imashimerareru
Causative いましめさせる
いましめさす 		imashimesaseru
imashimesasu
Potential いましめられる
いましめれる³ 		imashimerareru
imashimereru³
Volitional いましめよう imashimeyō
Negative いましめない
いましめぬ
いましめん 		imashimenai
imashimenu
imashimen
Negative continuative いましめず imashimezu
Formal いましめます imashimemasu
Perfective いましめた imashimeta
Conjunctive いましめて imashimete
Hypothetical conditional いましめれば imashimereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

See also

References

  1. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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