やすむ

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Japanese

Alternative spelling
休む

Etymology

Cognate with the adjective やすい (yasui).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Verb

やすむ • (yasumu) intransitive godan (stem やすみ (yasumi), past やすんだ (yasunda))

Japanese verb pair
active やすめる
mediopassive やすむ
  1. to rest
    そこで休(やす)んだらどうだ。
    Soko de yasun dara dō da.
    Why don't you rest there?
  2. to sleep
    彼(かれ)はもう休(やす)んでいる。
    Kare wa mō yasunde iru.
    He has already gone to bed.
  3. to be absent (from)
    彼(かの)女(じょ)は学(がっ)校(こう)を休(やす)んだ。
    Kanojo wa gakkō o yasunda.
    She was absent from school.
  4. to suspend; to be dormant
    あの工(こう)場(じょう)は操(そう)業(ぎょう)を休(やす)んでいる。
    Ano kōjō wa sōgyō o yasunde iru.
    That factory has stopped operating.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "やすむ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") やすま yasuma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") やすみ yasumi
Shūshikei ("terminal") やすむ yasumu
Rentaikei ("attributive") やすむ yasumu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") やすめ yasume
Meireikei ("imperative") やすめ yasume
Key constructions
Passive やすまれる yasumareru
Causative やすませる
やすます 		yasumaseru
yasumasu
Potential やすめる yasumeru
Volitional やすもう yasumō
Negative やすまない yasumanai
Negative continuative やすまず yasumazu
Formal やすみます yasumimasu
Perfective やすんだ yasunda
Conjunctive やすんで yasunde
Hypothetical conditional やすめば yasumeba
Classical conjugation of "やすむ" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) やすま yasuma
Continuative (連用形) やすみ yasumi
Terminal (終止形) やすむ yasumu
Attributive (連体形) やすむ yasumu
Realis (已然形) やすめ yasume
Imperative (命令形) やすめ yasume
Key constructions
Negative やすまず yasumazu
Contrasting conjunction やすめど yasumedo
Causal conjunction やすめば yasumeba
Conditional conjunction やすまば yasumaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) やすみき yasumiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) やすみけり yasumikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) やすみつ yasumitu
Perfect tense (natural event) やすみぬ yasuminu
Perfect-continuative tense やすめり
やすみたり		 yasumeri
yasumitari
Volitional やすまむ yasumamu

Synonyms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  5. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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