下士

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Chinese

under; next; lower
under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter
 
scholar; warrior; knight
simp. and trad.
(下士)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial () (33) (20)
Final () (98) (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () II III
Fanqie
Baxter haeX dzriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠaX/ /d͡ʒɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦᵚaX/ /ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣaX/ /d͡ʒieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦaɨX/ /ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Li
Rong
/ɣaX/ /d͡ʒiəX/
Wang
Li
/ɣaX/ /d͡ʒĭəX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ɣaX/ /ɖ͡ʐʱiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xià zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
haa6 zi6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xià shì
Middle
Chinese
‹ X › ‹ dzriX ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɡˁraʔ/ /*rəʔ/
English down officer; gentleman

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 13445 11511
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡraːʔ/ /*zrɯʔ/

Noun

下士

  1. corporal (U.S. and British Army, British Air Force, U.S. and British Marine Corps)
  2. petty officer third class (U.S. Navy)
  3. petty officer second class (British Navy)
  4. (archaic) person, especially a member of the educated social classes, who is of inferior standing, intelligence, or ethics
Derived terms
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (下士):

Verb

下士

  1. (xiangqi) to move an adviser () back one step diagonally
Synonyms
Antonyms

Etymology 2

Literally, "to lower oneself to the level of the shi (low-ranking persons just above the commoners)". Typically refers to efforts of promoting or socialising with people without discrimination regarding social hierarchy.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2 1/1
Initial () (33) (20)
Final () (98) (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () II III
Fanqie
Baxter haeH dzriX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠaH/ /d͡ʒɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦᵚaH/ /ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣaH/ /d͡ʒieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦaɨH/ /ɖ͡ʐɨX/
Li
Rong
/ɣaH/ /d͡ʒiəX/
Wang
Li
/ɣaH/ /d͡ʒĭəX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ɣaH/ /ɖ͡ʐʱiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xià zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
haa6 zi6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xià shì
Middle
Chinese
‹ H › ‹ dzriX ›
Old
Chinese
/*m-ɡˁraʔ-s/ /*rəʔ/
English descend officer; gentleman

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2 1/1
No. 13446 11511
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡraːs/ /*zrɯʔ/

Verb

下士

  1. (literary, obsolete, of a high-ranking individual) to display humility and respect towards lower-class persons
Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1

Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

()() (kashi

  1. a person of poor upbringing and character
  2. a low ranking samurai
  3. (archaic) a non-commissioned officer
    Synonym: 下士官

See also

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Noun

下士

  1. chữ Hán form of hạ sĩ (corporal).