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久. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
久, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
久 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
久 you have here. The definition of the word
久 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
久, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
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Stroke order
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Han character
久 (Kangxi radical 4, 丿+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓人 (NO) or 難弓人 (XNO), four-corner 27800, composition ⿸𠂊㇏)
Derived characters
- 𠮻, 𡉌, 𠖮, 奺, 汣, 杦, 玖, 畂, 镹, 畝, 㝌, 㡱, 疚, 羑, 灸, 粂, 匛
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 81, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 118
- Dae Jaweon: page 165, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 33, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E45
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 久
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Transcribed ancient scripts
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
- Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
- Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
- Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
- Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
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Old Chinese
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畂
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*ɡʷ·rɯs
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久
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*kʷlɯʔ
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灸
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*kʷlɯʔ, *kʷlɯs
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玖
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*kʷlɯʔ
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疚
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*kʷlɯs
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柩
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*ɡʷlɯs
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羑
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*ɡʷ·lɯʔ
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Pictogram (象形) - a man receiving moxibustion. The derivative 灸 (OC *kʷlɯʔ, *kʷlɯs) refers to the original word.
Etymology
Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Bantawa (kʰokpa, “old man”) (Sagart, 2017d), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kwak (“old”).
舊 (OC *N-kʷəʔ-s) may be a derivative (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). See there for more.
Pronunciation
Note:
- gū - vernacular;
- giēu - literary.
Note:
- kú - vernacular;
- kiú - literary.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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久
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Reading #
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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jiǔ
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Middle Chinese
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‹ kjuwX ›
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Old Chinese
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/*ʷəʔ/
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English
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a long time
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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久
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Reading #
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1/1
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No.
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6969
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Phonetic component
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久
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Rime group
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之
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Rime subdivision
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0
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Corresponding MC rime
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久
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Old Chinese
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/*kʷlɯʔ/
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Definitions
久
- (of time) long
- 你待了多久? ― Nǐ dāi le duōjiǔ? ― How long did you stay?
我們走路走了很久。 [MSC, trad.]
我们走路走了很久。 [MSC, simp.]- Wǒmen zǒulù zǒu le hěn jiǔ.
- We walked for a long time.
- a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
久 (“long (time)”)
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
久
(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)
- long time
Readings
Compounds
Proper noun
久 • (Hisashi)
- a male given name
Korean
Hanja
久 (eumhun 오랠 구 (orael gu))
- Hanja form? of 구 (“to be long”).
Vietnamese
Alternative forms
Han character
久: Hán Việt readings: cửu (舉有切)
久: Nôm readings: cửu
- chữ Hán form of cửu (“for a long time”).
References
Zhuang
Noun
久
- Sawndip form of gyaeuj (“head; headhair”)