五十

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Chinese

five ten
simp. and trad.
(五十) 		五 十
anagram 十五
Chinese cardinal numbers
 <  49 50 51  > 
    Cardinal : 五十 (wǔshí)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 五 十
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 侵 (141)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 疑古切 是執切
Baxter nguX dzyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ŋuoX/ /d͡ʑiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ŋuoX/ /d͡ʑip̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ŋoX/ /d͡ʑjep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ŋɔX/ /d͡ʑip̚/
Li
Rong 		/ŋoX/ /ʑiəp̚/
Wang
Li 		/ŋuX/ /ʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ŋuoX/ /ʑi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wǔ shí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ng5 sap6

Numeral

五十

  1. fifty; 50

Synonyms

  • (chiefly years of age) 半百 (bànbǎi)

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (五十):

Japanese

Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  49 50 51  > 
    Cardinal : 五十

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
五 十
ご
Grade: 1 		じゅう
Grade: 1
goon

/ɡoʑipu/ → /ɡoʑifu/ → /ɡoʑɨu/ → /ɡoʑuː/

From Middle Chinese compound 五十 (MC nguX dzyip).

Pronunciation

Numeral

五(ご)十(じゅう) • (gojū) ←ごじふ (gozifu)?

  1. fifty, 50
Derived terms
Derived terms
Proverbs
Proverbs

Noun

五(ご)十(じゅう) • (gojū) ←ごじふ (gozifu)?

  1. a fifty-year-old

Proper noun

五(ご)十(じゅう) • (Gojū) ←ごじふ (gozifu)?

  1. Short for 五十蔵 (Gojūzō): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
五 十
い
Grade: 1 		そ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨i so1⟩ → */isʷo/ → /iso/

Compound of Old Japanese elements 五(い) (i, “five”, combining form) + 十(そ) (so, “ten”).

Numeral

五(い)十(そ) • (iso) 

  1. fifty, 50
    • 10th century, Kokin Waka Rokujō (book 1, volume 2, poem 725)
      岩(いは)の上(うへ)の松(まつ)の梢(こすゑ)に降(ふ)る雪(ゆき)はいそかへり降(ふ)れ後(のち)までも見(み)む
      iwa no ue ni matsu no kozue ni furu yuku wa isokaeri fure nochi made mo min
      (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms

Noun

五(い)十(そ) • (iso) 

  1. (by extension) a large quantity
Derived terms

Proper noun

五(い)十(そ) • (Iso) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
五 十
いそじ
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
jukujikun

Compound of 五十(いそ) (iso, “fifty”, see above) + 路(ち) (-chi, "road" → counter for length of time). The chi changes to ji (historical di) as an instance of

The template Template:ja-rendaku does not use the parameter(s): 
sort=いそし
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Numeral

五十(いそじ) • (isoji) ←いそぢ (isodi)?

  1. Alternative spelling of 五十路 (isoji): fifty, 50

Noun

五十(いそじ) • (isoji) ←いそぢ (isodi)?

  1. Alternative spelling of 五十路 (isoji): a fifty-year-old; the fiftieth year

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
五 十
い
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
jukujikun

Shift from iso (see above), used in many compounds.

Already attested in Old Japanese as 借訓 (shakkun) kana for ⟨i⟩.

Numeral

五十(い) • (i) 

  1. Combining form of いそ (iso) above: fifty, 50
Derived terms
Derived terms

Noun

五十(い) • (i) 

  1. (by extension) Combining form of いそ (iso) above: a large quantity
Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Anagrams

Korean

Hanja in this term
五十

Numeral

五十 • (osip) (hangeul 오십)

  1. Hanja form? of 오십 (“fifty”).
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