交趾

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• 交趾

Traditionally said to have been a placename from the time of the sage-king Yao. In fact, an early form of the name Giao Chỉ seems to have been used by the native states for the area around the Red River delta prior to the Chinese conquest.

The Book of Rites noted that the southern barbarians (Man) had crossed toes (交趾).

南方曰蠻，雕題交趾，有不火食者矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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南方曰蛮，雕题交趾，有不火食者矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

Nánfāng yuē mán, diāotí jiāozhǐ, yǒu bù huǒshí zhě yǐ.

Those on the south were called Man. They tattooed their foreheads, and had their feet turned in towards each other. Some of them (also) ate their food without its being cooked.

Ferlus (2009) hypothesizes that the first syllable, 交 (OC *kreːw), originated from the etymon *k.raːw, whence also 獠 (lǎo, “general term for ethnic groups in southwestern China”).

交趾

1. (～郡) (historical) Jiaozhi (the ancient Chinese commandery in northern Vietnam first established under the Han dynasty)
2. (historical) Jiaozhi (a generic term for the lands south of the Five Ridges (Dayu, Qitian, Dupang, Mengzhu, and Yuecheng) in Liangguang, essentially comprising North Vietnam)

   • 臣聞昔者堯有天下，飯於土簋，飲於土鉶，其地南至交趾，北至幽都，東西至日月之所出入者，莫不賓服。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     臣闻昔者尧有天下，饭于土簋，饮于土铏，其地南至交趾，北至幽都，东西至日月之所出入者，莫不宾服。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Han Feizi, circa 2^nd century BCE

     Chén wén xīzhě Yáo yǒu tiānxià, fàn yú tǔguǐ, yǐn yú tǔxíng, qí dì nán zhì Jiāozhǐ, běi zhì Yōudōu, dōngxī zhì rìyuè zhī suǒ chūrù zhě, mò bù bīnfú.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

• 交州 (Jiāozhōu)

交趾

1. chữ Hán form of Giao Chỉ.