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京城. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
京城, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
京城 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Chinese
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capital; Beijing (abbrev.)
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city walls; city; town
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simp. and trad. (京城)
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京
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城
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Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
京城
- (literary) capital city (of a country)
董卓乃豺狼也,引入京城,必食人矣。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad. and simp.]- From: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14th century CE
- Dǒng Zhuó nǎi cháiláng yě, yǐnrù jīngchéng, bì shí rén yǐ.
- Dong Zhuo is a wolf and a jackal, if he enters the capital, it will most certainly be people that he devours.
辛丑年^紅賊據京城,王移^福州。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]- From: late 15th c., 金時習 (Kim Si-seup), 《李生窺牆傳》, 《金鰲新話》
- Sinchung-nyeon Hongjeok geo gyeongseong, wang i Bokju. [Sino-Korean]
- In the sinchuk year , the Red Bandits occupied the capital ; the king fled to Bokju.
Usage notes
When translating the English term capital city, use 首都 (shǒudū) when referring to the capital of a country, 首府 (shǒufǔ) when referring to the capital of a state or autonomous region, and 省會/省会 (shěnghuì) when referring to the capital of a province. Alternative terms for the capital of a country include 國都/国都 (guódū), 京城 (jīngchéng), 京都 (jīngdū), 京邑 (jīngyì) and 都城 (dūchéng) all of which are more commonly used in literary language. The term 京城 (jīngchéng) is most commonly used in historical dramas set in Imperial China.
Synonyms
- 上國/上国 (shàngguó) (literary)
- 京師/京师 (jīngshī) (literary)
- 京華/京华 (jīnghuá) (literary)
- 京邑 (jīngyì) (literary)
- 京都 (jīngdū) (literary)
- 國家/国家 (guójiā) (Classical Chinese)
- 國都/国都 (guódū)
- 帝都 (dìdū) (imperial capital)
- 王京 (wángjīng) (literary, royal capital)
- 王都 (wángdū) (formal, royal capital)
- 皇州 (huángzhōu) (literary, imperial capital)
- 神州 (shénzhōu) (literary)
- 都城 (dūchéng)
- 都邑 (dūyì) (literary)
- 鎬京/镐京 (hàojīng) (literary)
- 長安/长安 (cháng'ān) (literary, figurative)
- 首都 (shǒudū)
Descendants
Others:
See also
Proper noun
京城
- (historical) (Japanese colonial era) Seoul, Gyeongseong or Keijō
Japanese
Etymology 1
From Old Japanese. First cited to a text from 706. In turn, from Middle Chinese 京城 (MC kjaeng dzyeng, literally “capital + city, town”).
Possibly encountered in older texts with the reading きょうじょう (kyōjō), using the older goon pronunciation for both characters.
Use to refer to Seoul was based in part on the older name 漢城 (Hanseong), and in part on the Japanese sense of "imperial capital", in referring to the city as the center of administration under the Japanese Empire. The city was also informally called 京城 (Gyeongseong) in Korean during the Joseon dynasty (1392–1897). See also Names_of_Seoul on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Pronunciation
Noun
京城 • (keijō) ←けいじやう (keizyau)?
- the emperor's residence, the imperial palace
- the capital, especially within an empire
Proper noun
京城 • (Keijō) ←けいじやう (keizyau)?
- (historical) (Japanese colonial era) Seoul, also known as Gyeongseong (the Korean reading of these same Chinese characters) and Keijō
- 京城帝国大学
- Keijō Teikoku Daigaku
- Keijō Imperial University
Etymology 2
The older goon pronunciation. Not used in modern Japanese, but possibly still encountered in older texts.
Pronunciation
Noun
京城 • (kyōjō) ←きやうじやう (kyauzyau)?
- (obsolete) the emperor's residence, the imperial palace
- (obsolete) the capital, especially within an empire
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 “京城”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ “京城”, in 世界大百科事典 第2版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998
- ^ “ソウル”, in 日本大百科全書:ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
- ^ Katsuhiro Kuroda (2004 July 2) “漢城、京城、セソウル? (Kanjō, Keijō, Sesouru?, “Hanseong, Gyeongseong, Seseoul (New Seoul)?”)”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Sankei Shimbun, retrieved 2020-12-19
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “when it was first attested?”)
Proper noun
京城 • (Gyeongseong) (hangeul 경성)
- Hanja form? of 경성 (“(Japanese colonial era) Seoul, Gyeongseong or Keijō”).
Vietnamese
Noun
京城
- chữ Hán form of kinh thành (“capital city; imperial city”).