仁政

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Chinese

		humane; kernel	political; politics; government
simp. and trad. (仁政)		仁	政

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rénzhèng

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄓㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁴ zing³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: rénzhèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄓㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: rénjhèng
  - Wade–Giles: jên²-chêng⁴
  - Yale: rén-jèng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renjenq
  - Palladius: жэньчжэн (žɛnʹčžɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    人證／人证
    仁政
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan⁴ zing³
  - Yale: yàhn jing
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁴ dzing³
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen⁴ jing³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²¹ t͡sɪŋ³³/

Middle Chinese: nyin tsyengH

Rime
Character	仁	政
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	如鄰切	之盛切
Baxter	nyin	tsyengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪn/	/t͡ɕiᴇŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵin/	/t͡ɕiɛŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjen/	/t͡ɕiæŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵin/	/ciajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ȵiĕn/	/t͡ɕiɛŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕn/	/t͡ɕĭɛŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/	/t͡ɕi̯ɛŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rén	zhèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan⁴	zing³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*niŋ teŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*njin tjeŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	仁	政
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rén	zhèng
Middle Chinese	‹ nyin ›	‹ tsyeng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*niŋ/	/*teŋ-s/
English	kind	government
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仁	政
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10801	17177
Phonetic component	人	正
Rime group	眞	耕
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	仁	政
Old Chinese	/*njin/	/*tjeŋs/

Noun

仁政

benevolent government; humane policy; humane governance

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (仁政):

→ Japanese: 仁政(じんせい) (jinsei)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
仁	政
じん Grade: 6	せい Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 仁政 (ȵiɪn t͡ɕiᴇŋ^H).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じんせー (Heiban – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

仁(じん)政(せい) • (jinsei)

benevolent rule

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

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