体

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See also: 體, 休, and 𠇾
体 U+4F53, 体
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F53
← 佒
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 佔 →

Translingual

Stroke order
7 strokes
Japanese 体
Simplified 体
Traditional 體/体

Alternative forms

In the historical Chinese dictionary Longkan Shoujian (龍龕手鑑), this character is written in the form of ⿰亻夲.

Han character

体 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人木一 (ODM), four-corner 25230, composition ⿰亻本)

Derived characters

Related characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 509
  • Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 130, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4F53

Chinese

Etymology 1

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”).

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 体 – see 體 (“body; part of the body; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant form of 體).
Notes:

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
 体

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 体
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (本) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
本 *pɯːnʔ
笨 *pɯːnʔ, *bɯːnʔ
苯 *pɯːnʔ
翉 *pʰɯːnʔ
体 *bɯːnʔ
鉢 *poːd
缽 *poːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːnʔ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 体
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蒲本切
Baxter bwonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/buənX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/buonX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/buənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/bwənX/
Li
Rong 		/buənX/
Wang
Li 		/buənX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱuənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bun6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 体
Reading # 1/1
No. 477
Phonetic
component 		本
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		獖
Old
Chinese 		/*bɯːnʔ/
Notes 晉書作笨

Definitions

体

  1. Alternative form of 笨 (bèn, “coarse appearance; inferior”)
  2. Used in 体夫 (“pallbearer”).

Compounds

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
 体

Pronunciation

Definitions

体

  1. ‡ name of prison

Japanese

Shinjitai

体

Kyūjitai

體

Kanji

体

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 體)

Readings

Usage notes

This character was originally an alternative form of 笨 (bèn) as used in Chinese. This usage now appears to be obsolete, at least in Japanese, where 体 and 笨 are distinct characters and are not interchangeable. See the Chinese 体 and Japanese 笨 entries for further details.

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
体
たい
Grade: 2
goon
Alternative spelling
體 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 體 (MC thejX).

The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the initial borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

Counter

体(たい) • (-tai) 

  1. counter for humanoid objects
    • 2017 March 25, “リンク・スパイダー [Link Spider]”, in STARTER(スターター) DECK(デッキ), Konami:
      通(つう)常(じょう)モンスター１(いっ)体(たい)
      ①(いち)：１(いっ)ターンに１(いち)度(ど)、自(じ)分(ぶん)メインフェイズに発(はつ)動(どう)できる。手(て)札(ふだ)からレベル４以下(よんいか)の通(つう)常(じょう)モンスター１(いっ)体(たい)をこのカードのリンク先(さき)に特(とく)殊(しゅ)召(しょう)喚(かん)する。
      Tsūjō Monsutā ittaī
      Chi: Ittān ni ichi-do, jibun Mein Feizu ni hatsudō dekiru. tefuda kara Reberu yon ika no Tsūjō Monsutā ittai o kono kādo no rinku-saki ni Tokushu Shōkan suru.
      1 or more Normal Monsters
      1: Once per turn, can be activated during your Main Phase. Special Summons 1 Normal Monster of Level 4 or lower from your hand to where this card is linked to.

Noun

体(たい) • (tai) 

  1. the body (e.g., of a human or animal)
    1. (particularly) the torso excluding the limbs: the trunk, abdomen
  2. a substance, matter
  3. a form, shape
  4. (algebra) field (commutative ring with invertible nonzero elements)
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
体
てい
Grade: 2
kan’on
Alternative spellings
體 (kyūjitai)
態

From Middle Chinese 體 (MC thejX).

The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

Noun

体(てい) • (tei) 

  1. an outward appearance, look, aspect
    そういうていで ― sō iu tei de ― assuming that it is so
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
体
からだ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
體 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 体 – see the following entry.
【からだ】
body
the state of one's body:
physique, constitution, frame
health
Alternative spellings
身体, 躯, 躰
(This term, 体, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 體 (MC thejX).

Hanja

体 (eumhun 몸 체 (mom che))

  1. Alternative form of 體 (“Hanja form? of 체 (“body”).”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 体 (MC bwonX).

Hanja

体 (eumhun 용렬할 분 (yongnyeolhal bun))

  1. Alternative form of 笨 (“Hanja form? of 분 (“mediocre; rough”).”)

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Okinawan

Kanji

体

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
体
からた
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
體 (kyūjitai)

Cognate with Japanese 体 (karada).

Pronunciation

Noun

体(からた) (karata) 

  1. body
    体(からた)洗(あら)いん
    karata arain
    to wash body / to wash oneself
See also

References

  1. ^ “からた【体・躰・躯・身体】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
  2. ^ 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawago Jiten, “Okinawan Dictionary”)‎, 1963

Vietnamese

Etymology 1

Han character

体: Hán Nôm readings: thể

  1. body

Etymology 2

Han character

体: Hán Nôm readings: thấy

  1. Alternative form of 𫌠/𧡊 (to see)
References
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia