依

Translingual

Han character

依 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人卜竹女 (OYHV), four-corner 2023₂, composition ⿰亻衣)

Derived characters

• 𠵱, 𦲤, 𤷴, 㥋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 102, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 607
• Dae Jaweon: page 217, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 152, character 8
• Unihan data for U+4F9D

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 依
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)	Libian (compiled in Qing)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts	Clerical script
Oracle bone script j18935 j18936 j18937 Bronze inscriptions b12302 Small seal script s05761 Transcribed ancient scripts L30337 L02012 L02013 L02014
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qɯl) : semantic 亻 (“human”) + phonetic 衣 (OC *qɯl, *qɯls).

Etymology 1

Probably cognate with 倚 (OC *qralʔ, *qrals) (Wang, 1982). Perhaps 因 (OC *qin) is an allofam (Pulleyblank, 1991), though the vowels do not agree (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Definitions

依

1. to lean on
2. to rely on; to depend on
3. to obey; to comply with; to agree to
4. according to; in accordance with; in light of; in a manner conforming to; in compliance with
5. Used in 依稀 (yīxī).
6. a surname: Yi

Synonyms

• (to rely on):

• (according to):

Compounds

Etymology 2

Dialectal variant of 呢 (ni1).

Pronunciation

Definitions

依

1. (Cantonese) this; these

Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 阿?”)

Pronunciation

Definitions

依

1. (Eastern Min) Used in front of persons' given names or kinship terms to express familiarity.

Compounds

Etymology 4

References

• “依”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: え (e, Jōyō ^†)
• Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)
• Kun: よる (yoru, 依る)

Related terms

• 依(よ)って (yotte)

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 依 (MC 'j+j).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Affix

依(い) • (i) 

1. rely on; depend on
2. according to
3. as before

   依(い)然(ぜん) ― izen ― same as before, still

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 依 (MC 'j+j).

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Affix

依(え) • (e) 

1. rely on; depend on

Korean

Hanja

依 (eum 의 (ui))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

依: Hán Nôm readings: y, e, ỷ, ỉa

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation