俄國
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See also: 俄国
Chinese
| phonetic | country; state; nation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (俄國) | 俄 | 國 | |
| simp. (俄国) | 俄 | 国 | |
Etymology
From 俄 (É, abbreviation of 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (Éluósī)) + 國／国 (guó, “country”); attested as early as 1838, in the Eastern Western Monthly Magazine.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ngo4 gwok3
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngo3 gok2
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'ngo4 guet6
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): ngo2 guêd5
- Eastern Min (BUC): Ngò̤-guók
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6ngu-koq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: éguó
- Wade–Giles: o2-kuo2
- Yale: é-gwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ergwo
- Palladius: эго (ego)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant, common in Taiwan)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄜˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: èguó
- Wade–Giles: o4-kuo2
- Yale: è-gwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ehgwo
- Palladius: эго (ego)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀɤ⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/
- Homophones:
俄國 / 俄国
鄂國 / 鄂国
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ngo4 gwok3
- Yale: ngòh gwok
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngo4 gwok8
- Guangdong Romanization: ngo4 guog3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngo3 gok2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡᵘɔ²² kɔk̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: 'ngo4 guet6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˈŋo³⁵ kuɛt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: Ngò̤-guók
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋo⁵³⁻²¹ (k-)uɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Proper noun
俄國
- Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) (at any point of its history)
- (specifically, historical) Short for 俄羅斯帝國／俄罗斯帝国 (Éluósī dìguó, “Russian Empire”).
- (chiefly Taiwan, by extension, historical) Soviet Russia
Usage notes
俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (Éluósī) is more commonly used when referring to the modern country (instead of the historical Russian Empire), while 俄國／俄国 (Éguó) is typically used to refer to the former Russian Empire. But if 俄國／俄国 (Éguó) is used as an attributive, it is equivalent to 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (Éluósī) (e.g. 俄國人／俄国人 (Éguórén) and 俄羅斯人／俄罗斯人 (éluósīrén) both refer to "a Russian person, Russian people".)
Synonyms
- (Russia):
Dialectal synonyms of 俄羅斯 (“Russia”)
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 俄羅斯, 俄國 |
| Malaysia | 俄羅斯 | |
| Singapore | 俄羅斯 | |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 烏魯斯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 俄羅斯, 俄國 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 露西亞, 俄羅 |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 露西亞, 俄羅 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 露西亞, 俄羅 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 露西亞, 俄羅 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 露西亞, 俄羅 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 俄羅斯 |
| Quanzhou | 俄羅斯 | |
| Zhangzhou | 俄羅斯 | |
| Taipei | 露西亞 GT | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 蘇聯 | |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
- (Russian Empire):
- (Soviet Union):
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Lü: ᦵᦁᦲᧉᦷᦅᧉ (ʼoe²ko²)