保障

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Chinese

 
to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee
to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard
 to block; to hinder; to obstruct
trad. (保障) 保 障
simp. #(保障) 保 障

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 保 障 障
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 章 (23) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 豪 (89) 陽 (105) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) I III III
Fanqie 博抱切 諸良切 之亮切
Baxter pawX tsyang tsyangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pɑuX/ /t͡ɕɨɐŋ/ /t͡ɕɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pɑuX/ /t͡ɕiɐŋ/ /t͡ɕiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pɑuX/ /t͡ɕiɑŋ/ /t͡ɕiɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pawX/ /cɨaŋ/ /cɨaŋH/
Li
Rong 		/pɑuX/ /t͡ɕiaŋ/ /t͡ɕiaŋH/
Wang
Li 		/pɑuX/ /t͡ɕĭaŋ/ /t͡ɕĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pɑuX/ /t͡ɕi̯aŋ/ /t͡ɕi̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bǎo zhāng zhàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bou2 zoeng1 zoeng3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 保
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pawX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pˁuʔ/
English protect

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 保 障 障
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 318 16827 16831
Phonetic
component 		保 章 章
Rime
group 		幽 陽 陽
Rime
subdivision 		1 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		寶 章 障
Old
Chinese 		/*puːʔ/ /*kjaŋ/ /*kjaŋs/

Verb

保障

  1. to assure; to provide guarantee
  2. to defend; to protect

Synonyms

  • (to assure):
  • (to protect):

Noun

保障

  1. guarantee; assurance
    安全保障  ―  ānquán bǎozhàng  ―  security assurance
  2. protection; defense

Synonyms

Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
保 障
ほ
Grade: 5 		しょう
Grade: 6
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

保(ほ)障(しょう) • (hoshō) 

  1. guarantee
  2. warranty

Verb

保(ほ)障(しょう)する • (hoshō suru) suru (stem 保(ほ)障(しょう)し (hoshō shi), past 保(ほ)障(しょう)した (hoshō shita))

  1. guarantee, endorse, assure

Conjugation

Conjugation of "保障する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 保障し ほしょうし hoshō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 保障し ほしょうし hoshō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 保障する ほしょうする hoshō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 保障する ほしょうする hoshō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 保障すれ ほしょうすれ hoshō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 保障せよ¹
保障しろ² 		ほしょうせよ¹
ほしょうしろ² 		hoshō seyo¹
hoshō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 保障される ほしょうされる hoshō sareru
Causative 保障させる
保障さす 		ほしょうさせる
ほしょうさす 		hoshō saseru
hoshō sasu
Potential 保障できる ほしょうできる hoshō dekiru
Volitional 保障しよう ほしょうしよう hoshō shiyō
Negative 保障しない ほしょうしない hoshō shinai
Negative continuative 保障せず ほしょうせず hoshō sezu
Formal 保障します ほしょうします hoshō shimasu
Perfective 保障した ほしょうした hoshō shita
Conjunctive 保障して ほしょうして hoshō shite
Hypothetical conditional 保障すれば ほしょうすれば hoshō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
保障

Noun

保障 • (bojang) (hangeul 보장)

  1. Hanja form? of 보장.
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