停留

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Chinese

		to stop; to halt; to park (a car)	leave (message); to retain; to stay leave (message); to retain; to stay; to remain; to keep; to preserve
simp. and trad. (停留)		停	留

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tíngliú

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ting⁴ lau⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thìn-liù
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thêng-liû

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tíngliú
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tínglióu
  - Wade–Giles: tʻing²-liu²
  - Yale: tíng-lyóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyngliou
  - Palladius: тинлю (tinlju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiŋ³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ting⁴ lau⁴
  - Yale: tìhng làuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ting⁴ lau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ting⁴ leo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɪŋ²¹ lɐu̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thìn-liù
  - Hakka Romanization System: tinˇ liuˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tin² liu²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰin¹¹ li̯u¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thêng-liû
  - Tâi-lô: thîng-liû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tengliuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² liu¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɪŋ²³⁻³³ liu²³/

Verb

停留

to stay; to remain; to stop
禁止車輛停留。／禁止车辆停留。 ― Jìnzhǐ chēliàng tíngliú. ― No stopping.

非緊急情況不得停留。 [MSC, trad.]
非紧急情况不得停留。 [MSC, simp.]
Fēi jǐnjí qíngkuàng bùdé tíngliú.
Emergency stop only.
to stagnate; to bog down; to be at a standstill; to be held up

Synonyms

(to stay):

停 (tíng)
勾留 (gōuliú)
盤桓／盘桓 (pánhuán)
蹲 (figurative)
逗 (dòu)
逗留 (dòuliú)
逋留 (būliú) (literary)
駐／驻 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)

(to stagnate):

停滯／停滞 (tíngzhì)
凝滯／凝滞 (níngzhì)

Related terms

滯留／滞留 (zhìliú)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
停	留
てい Grade: 5	りゅう Grade: 5
kan’on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) てーりゅう (Heiban – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

停(てい)留(りゅう) • (teiryū) ^{←ていりう (teiriu)^?}

stoppage

Verb

停(てい)留(りゅう)する • (teiryū suru) ^{←ていりう (teiriu)^?}transitive or intransitive suru (stem 停(てい)留(りゅう)し (teiryū shi), past 停(てい)留(りゅう)した (teiryū shita))

stop

Conjugation

Conjugation of "停留する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	停留し	ていりゅうし	teiryū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	停留し	ていりゅうし	teiryū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	停留する	ていりゅうする	teiryū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	停留する	ていりゅうする	teiryū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	停留すれ	ていりゅうすれ	teiryū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	停留せよ¹ 停留しろ²	ていりゅうせよ¹ ていりゅうしろ²	teiryū seyo¹ teiryū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	停留される	ていりゅうされる	teiryū sareru
Causative	停留させる停留さす	ていりゅうさせるていりゅうさす	teiryū saseru teiryū sasu
Potential	停留できる	ていりゅうできる	teiryū dekiru
Volitional	停留しよう	ていりゅうしよう	teiryū shiyō
Negative	停留しない	ていりゅうしない	teiryū shinai
Negative continuative	停留せず	ていりゅうせず	teiryū sezu
Formal	停留します	ていりゅうします	teiryū shimasu
Perfective	停留した	ていりゅうした	teiryū shita
Conjunctive	停留して	ていりゅうして	teiryū shite
Hypothetical conditional	停留すれば	ていりゅうすれば	teiryū sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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