備える

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
備
そな
Grade: 5
kun'yomi

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「備える」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		備える そなえる
Imperative (命令形) 備えろ そなえろ
Key constructions
Passive 備えられる そなえられる
Causative 備えさせる そなえさせる
Potential 備えられる そなえられる
Volitional 備えよう そなえよー
Negative 備えない そなえない
Negative perfective 備えなかった そなえなかった
Formal 備えます そなえます
Perfective 備えた そなえた
Conjunctive 備えて そなえて
Hypothetical conditional 備えれば そなえれば

Verb

備(そな)える • (sonaeru) ichidan (stem 備(そな)え (sonae), past 備(そな)えた (sonaeta))

Japanese verb pair
active 備える
mediopassive 備わる
  1. to prepare
    台風(たいふう)に備(そな)えて土手(どて)を補強(ほきょう)する
    taifū ni sonaete dote o hokyōsuru
    Strengthening the embankment to prepare for the typhoon
  2. to furnish
    各部屋(かくへや)に電話(でんわ)が備(そな)えてある
    kakuheya ni denwa ga sonaete aru
    Telephones are furnished in every rooms

Conjugation

Conjugation of "備える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 備え そなえ sonae
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 備え そなえ sonae
Shūshikei ("terminal") 備える そなえる sonaeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 備える そなえる sonaeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 備えれ そなえれ sonaere
Meireikei ("imperative") 備えよ¹
備えろ² 		そなえよ¹
そなえろ² 		sonaeyo¹
sonaero²
Key constructions
Passive 備えられる そなえられる sonaerareru
Causative 備えさせる
備えさす 		そなえさせる
そなえさす 		sonaesaseru
sonaesasu
Potential 備えられる
備えれる³ 		そなえられる
そなえれる³ 		sonaerareru
sonaereru³
Volitional 備えよう そなえよう sonaeyō
Negative 備えない
備えぬ
備えん 		そなえない
そなえぬ
そなえん 		sonaenai
sonaenu
sonaen
Negative continuative 備えず そなえず sonaezu
Formal 備えます そなえます sonaemasu
Perfective 備えた そなえた sonaeta
Conjunctive 備えて そなえて sonaete
Hypothetical conditional 備えれば そなえれば sonaereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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