兆
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Translingual
Han character
兆 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 中一山人 (LMUO), four-corner 32113, composition ⿻儿⿱丷八 or ⿻儿⿰冫⿱丿丶)
Derived characters
- 佻, 咷, 垗, 姚, 恌, 挑, 洮, 狣, 晀, 朓, 桃, 烑, 㸠, 珧, 祧, 脁, 眺, 䂪, 䄻, 絩, 罀, 䍮, 聎, 䑬, 䖴, 誂(𫍥), 跳, 䠷, 銚(铫), 鞉, 餆, 駣(𱅏), 鮡(𬶐)
- 逃, 趒, 𠛪, 𡭰, 覜(𬢋), 頫(𫖯), 鴵, 宨, 𪨱, 𮎮, 𪜍, 晁, 𣑯, 𣴝, 㿡, 𫀰, 窕, 𫅄, 筄, 雿, 𠩓, 𡱜, 庣, 𤶃, 旐, 𮧤, 鼗, 𨴡, 繉
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 124, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1347
- Dae Jaweon: page 260, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 268, character 2
- Unihan data for U+5146
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
兆 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𠧞 𡉵 𡊥 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 兆 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Oracle bone script | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | ||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 挑 | *l̥ʰaːw, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːwʔ |
| 洮 | *l̥ʰaːw, *l'aːw, *lew |
| 桃 | *l'aːw |
| 逃 | *l'aːw |
| 咷 | *l'aːw, *l̥ʰeːws |
| 鼗 | *l'aːw |
| 鞉 | *l'aːw |
| 駣 | *l'aːw, *l'aːwʔ, *l'aːws, *l'ewʔ |
| 𣂁 | *sl̥ʰew |
| 脁 | *l̥ʰews |
| 晁 | *l'ew |
| 兆 | *l'ewʔ |
| 旐 | *l'ewʔ |
| 狣 | *l'ewʔ |
| 鮡 | *l'ewʔ, *l'eːw |
| 垗 | *l'ewʔ |
| 姚 | *lew |
| 珧 | *lew |
| 銚 | *lew, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːws |
| 恌 | *lew, *l̥ʰeːw |
| 烑 | *lew |
| 餆 | *lew |
| 筄 | *lews |
| 艞 | *lews |
| 佻 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːw |
| 祧 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 朓 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːwʔ |
| 庣 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 趒 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw |
| 聎 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 眺 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 覜 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 頫 | *l̥ʰeːws, *poʔ |
| 絩 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 跳 | *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw |
| 窕 | *l'eːwʔ |
| 誂 | *l'eːwʔ |
Pictogram (象形) – the cracks in a shell during fortune-telling, an omen.
Etymology
Compare Chepang ह्रावःसा (hrawʔ‑, “to forebode; to portend ill fortune”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
兆
- (historical) cracks formed on heated tortoise plastrons and mammal bones used in ancient divination
- 是月也，命大史釁龜策，占兆審卦吉凶。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Shì yuè yě, mìng tàishǐ xìn guīcè, zhānzhào shěnguà jíxiōng.
- In this month orders are given to the Grand Scribe to smear with blood the tortoise-shells and divining stalks, and by interpreting the indications of the former and examining the figures formed by the latter, to determine the good and evil of their intimations.
是月也，命大史衅龟策，占兆审卦吉凶。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 是以不擇時日，不占卦兆，不謀所始，不議所終。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Huainanzi, 2nd century BCE
- Shìyǐ bù zé shírì, bù zhān guàzhào, bù móu suǒshǐ, bù yì suǒzhōng.
- That being so, there was no selecting of times and days, no divining by trigrams or shell cracks, no scheming about where to begin, no discussion of where to end.
是以不择时日，不占卦兆，不谋所始，不议所终。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- omen
- 吉兆 ― jízhào ― auspicious omen
- 相陰陽，占祲兆，鑽龜陳卦，主攘擇五卜，知其吉凶妖祥，傴巫跛擊之事也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
- Xiàng yīnyáng, zhān jìnzhào, zuàn guī chén guà, zhǔ rǎngzé wǔbǔ, zhī qí jíxiōng yāoxiáng, yǔwū bǒjī zhī shì yě.
- The work of the hunchbacked shamans and lame-footed seers is to assess the yin and the yang, to divine the omens and portents, to drill the tortoise-shells and lay out the hexagrams, to preside over ceremonies for warding off ills, selecting lucky days, and the five prognostications, and to know good and bad fortune, the auspicious and the inauspicious.
相阴阳，占祲兆，钻龟陈卦，主攘择五卜，知其吉凶妖祥，伛巫跛击之事也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to portend; to augur
- graveyard, cemetery, necropolis
- 吾力能改葬，終葬汝於先人之兆，然後惟其所願。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: 韓愈 Han Yu 《祭十二郎文》 "Funeral Oration for my Twelfth Nephew", 803 CE.
- Wú lì néng gǎizàng, zhōng zàng rǔ yú xiānrén zhī zhào, ránhòu wéiqí suǒyuàn.
- If I could rebury, I would rebury you in our ancestors' graveyard; only then would it be satisfactory.
吾力能改葬，终葬汝于先人之兆，然后惟其所愿。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- (chiefly Taiwan) trillion (million million), tera-, 1012
- (Mainland China) (SI prefix) million, mega-, 106
- 專惟君而無他兮，又眾兆之所讎。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE, translated based on David Hawkes' version
- Zhuān wéi jūn ér wú tā xī, yòu zhòngzhào zhī suǒchóu.
- I thought of my prince alone, and of no other; and that, too, was a thing that the mob of hundreds of myriads abhorred.
专惟君而无他兮，又众兆之所雠。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
- (trillion): (Mainland China) 萬億／万亿 (wànyì)
- (tera-): (Mainland China) 太 (tài)
- (mega-): (Taiwan) 百萬／百万 (bǎiwàn)
Compounds
- 不祥之兆 (bùxiángzhīzhào)
- 五日京兆 (wǔrìjīngzhào)
- 京兆 (Jīngzhào)
- 京兆尹 (Jīngzhào Yǐn)
- 億兆／亿兆 (yìzhào)
- 兆亂／兆乱
- 兆候 (zhàohòu)
- 先兆 (xiānzhào)
- 兆域
- 兆基
- 兆朕
- 兆民 (zhàomín)
- 兆赫 (zhàohè)
- 兆頭／兆头 (zhàotou)
- 凶兆 (xiōngzhào)
- 前兆 (qiánzhào)
- 吉兆 (jízhào)
- 喜兆
- 坼兆
- 壇兆／坛兆
- 夢兆／梦兆
- 夢兆熊羆／梦兆熊罴
- 好兆頭／好兆头
- 宅兆 (zháizhào)
- 徵兆／征兆 (zhēngzhào)
- 惡兆／恶兆
- 敗兆／败兆
- 朕兆 (zhènzhào)
- 瑞兆 (ruìzhào)
- 瑞雪兆豐年／瑞雪兆丰年 (ruìxuě zhào fēngnián)
- 病兆 (bìngzhào)
- 發兆／发兆
- 祲兆
- 端兆
- 萌兆
- 蘭兆／兰兆
- 警兆
- 預兆／预兆 (yùzhào)
- 飛騰之兆／飞腾之兆
- 龜兆／龟兆
See also
| Chinese numerals | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 104 | 108 | 1012 | 1016 | 1020 | 1024 | 1028 | 1032 | 1036 | 1040 | 1044 | 1048 | |
| 萬／万 (wàn) | 億／亿 (yì) | 兆 (zhào) (Taiwan) | 京 (jīng) (Taiwan) | 垓 (gāi) | 秭 (zǐ) | 穰 (ráng) | 溝／沟 (gōu) | 澗／涧 (jiàn) | 正 (zhèng) | 載／载 (zài) | 極／极 (jí) | |
| 萬億／万亿 (wànyì) (Mainland China) |
億億/亿亿 (Mainland China) | |||||||||||
Japanese
Kanji
兆
Readings
- Go-on: じょう (jō)←でう (deu, historical)
- Kan-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)←てう (teu, historical)
- Kun: きざす (kizasu, 兆す, Jōyō); きざし (kizashi, 兆し, Jōyō)
- Nanori: とき (toki); よし (yoshi)
Compounds
- 億兆 (okuchō, “the masses, the people”)
- 兆し (kizashi, “sign, omen”)
- 兆候 (chōkō, “symptom, indication”)
- 兆民 (chōmin, “everybody”)
- 凶兆 (kyōchō, “ill omen, inauspicious”)
- 前兆 (zenchō, “harbinger”)
- 吉兆 (kitchō, “good omen, auspicious”)
- 慶兆 (keichō, “auspicious omen”)
- 瑞兆 (zuichō, “felicitous omen”)
- 衰兆 (suichō, “signs of decline”)
Numeral
- trillion (million million), 1012
- 5000兆円欲しい！
- Go-sen-chō-en hoshii!
- I want 5,000,000,000,000,000 yen! (internet meme)
- 5000兆円欲しい！
See also
| Japanese numerical compounds with 兆 (chō) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1012 | 2 × 1012 | 3 × 1012 | 4 × 1012 | 5 × 1012 | 6 × 1012 | 7 × 1012 | 8 × 1012 | 9 × 1012 | 1013 | 1014 |
| 一兆 (itchō) | 二兆 (nichō) | 三兆 (sanchō) | 四兆 (yonchō) | 五兆 (gochō) | 六兆 (rokuchō) | 七兆 (nanachō) | 八兆 (hatchō) | 九兆 (kyūchō) | 十兆 (jutchō) | 百兆 (hyakuchō) |
Korean
Hanja
兆 (eum 조 (jo))
Vietnamese
Han character
兆: Hán Nôm readings: triệu, diệu, điềm, giệu
- million, mega-