內

內 U+2F814, 內 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F814 ← 㒹 CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 再 →

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

內 (Kangxi radical 11, 入+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人月 (OB), four-corner 4022₇, composition ⿻冂入)

Derived characters

• 吶 㘨 𢗉 納 芮 抐, 𰃠

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 125, character 35
• Dae Jaweon: page 267, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 97, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5167

• Unihan data for U+2F814

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 內
Oracle bone script j13126 j13127 j13128 j13129 j13130 j13131 j13132 j13133 j13134 j13135 j13136 j13137 j13138 j13139 j13140 j13141 Bronze inscriptions b08077 b08078 b08079 b08080 b08081 b08082 b08083 b08084 b08085 b08086 b08087 b08088 b08089 b08090 b08091 b08092 b08093 b08094 b08095 b08096 b08097 b08098 b08099 b08100 b08101 b08102 b08103 b08104 b08105 b08106 b08107 b08108 b08109 b08110 b08111 b08112 Small seal script s03778 Transcribed ancient scripts L36369 L36370 L21837 L21838 L21839 L21840 L21841 L21842 L21843 L21844 L21845 L21846 L21833 L21834 L21835 L21836
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 冂 (“city outskirts”) + 入 (“to enter”) – entering the city through its outskirts - inside, within.

Etymology

Related to 入 (OC *njub, “to enter”); see there for more.

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

內

1. inside; interior; internal; inner

   Antonym: 外 (wài)

   室內／室内  ―  shìnèi  ―  indoors

   內傷／内伤  ―  nèishāng  ―  internal injury

   內戰／内战  ―  nèizhàn  ―  civil war

   未來幾天內／未来几天内  ―  wèilái jǐtiān nèi  ―  within the next few days

   • 君子敬而無失，與人恭而有禮，四海之內，皆兄弟也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     君子敬而无失，与人恭而有礼，四海之内，皆兄弟也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Jūnzǐ jìng ér wú shī, yǔ rén gōng ér yǒulǐ, sìhǎi zhī nèi, jiē xiōngdì yě.

     Let the superior man never fail reverentially to order his own conduct, and let him be respectful to others and observant of propriety - then all within the four seas will be his brothers.

2. (obsolete) room; inner room
3. (literary) court; imperial palace
4. woman; wife

   內兄／内兄  ―  nèixiōng  ―  wife's elder brother

   • 江湖中說你是條好漢，原來是個懼內的庸夫。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     江湖中说你是条好汉，原来是个惧内的庸夫。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16^th century CE

     Jiānghú zhōng shuō nǐ shì tiáo hǎohàn, yuánlái shì ge jù nèi de yōngfū.

     It is said in the rivers and lakes that you are a brave man, but it turns out that you are a husband who fears his wife.

5. heart; mind; self

   內疚／内疚  ―  nèijiù  ―  conscience-stricken

   • 見賢思齊焉，見不賢而內自省也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Jiàn xián sī qí yān, jiàn bù xián ér nèi zìxǐng yě.

     When we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them; when we see men of a contrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves.

6. (traditional Chinese medicine) internal organs
7. (Buddhism) within Buddhism

   內典／内典  ―  nèidiǎn  ―  Buddhist scripture

   內學／内学  ―  nèixué  ―  Buddhism

8. 65th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝍆)
9. (Teochew) family
10. (Teochew) home

    伊無在內。／伊无在内。 [Teochew]  ―  i¹ bho⁵ do⁶ lai⁶. [Peng'im]  ―  He/she is not home.

11. (Internet slang) Alternative form of 那

    有內味了。／有内味了。  ―  Yǒunèiwèile.  ―  That's the taste.

12. (Philippine Hokkien) Classifier for servings / helpings of food.

    一內菜，兩內物配，三內點心 [Philippine Hokkien, trad.]
    一内菜，两内物配，三内点心 [Philippine Hokkien, simp.]

    chi̍t lǎi chhài, nňg lǎi mn̍gh-phè, saⁿ lǎi tiám-sim [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    one serving of a dish, two servings of side toppings, three servings of snacks

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

內

1. ^† to enter
2. ^† Original form of 納／纳 (nà, “to pay”).

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 内)

1. Kyūjitai form of 内

Readings

• Go-on: ない (nai)
• Kan-on: だい (dai)
• Kun: うち (uchi); いる (iru); いれる (ireru)

Usage notes

This character is usually not used in Japanese and lacks JIS support. The variant 内 (U+5185) is used instead.

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 內 (MC nwojH).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): ~
• Phonetic hangul:
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

內 (eumhun 안 내 (an nae))

1. Hanja form^? of 내 (“inside; within”).

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

內: Hán Nôm readings: nội

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